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What pharmacologic treatment can be used to treat Diabetes insipidus?

A.

Desmopressin (DDAVP)

B.

Furosemide

C.

Diuretics

D.

Corticosteroids

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Desmopressin (DDAVP) is the correct treatment for Diabetes insipidus. This medication is a synthetic form of vasopressin, which helps the kidneys to retain water, thereby reducing the symptoms of excessive urination and thirst in individuals with Diabetes insipidus.  

B. Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to treat fluid retention, not Diabetes insipidus. It increases urine output, which would worsen the condition in patients with Diabetes insipidus.  

C. Diuretics are used to increase urine output and are not used in the treatment of Diabetes insipidus, as they could exacerbate dehydration.  

D. Corticosteroids are not used to treat Diabetes insipidus. They are typically used to treat inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, but not Diabetes insipidus.  


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Chronic alveolar distention, often seen in conditions like emphysema, leads to the enlargement of the alveoli and results in a barrel-shaped chest. This is due to the loss of elasticity in the lungs, causing air trapping and an increased anterior-posterior diameter of the chest.

B. Chronic costochondritis causes inflammation of the cartilage between the ribs and sternum, leading to localized pain but not a barrel chest.

C. Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which can lead to chronic alveolar distention and a barrel chest, but smoking alone is not the direct cause of the chest shape.

D. Hypokalemia affects muscle function, including the muscles involved in respiration, but it does not directly cause a barrel chest.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Metabolic acidosis occurs when there is a deficit of bicarbonate (HCO3) in the blood, leading to a decrease in pH (below 7.35). A pH of 7.23 indicates acidosis, and the deficit of HCO3 supports a diagnosis of metabolic acidosis.

B. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, which lowers pH. It is not associated with a bicarbonate deficit.

C. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an excess of bicarbonate or a loss of acid, leading to an elevated pH. It is the opposite of metabolic acidosis.

D. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by excessive exhalation of CO2, leading to an increase in pH, not a deficit of bicarbonate.

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