What type of tissue is found lining the lumen of the urinary bladder?
Nonciliated simple columnar ET
Transitional ET
Simple cuboidal ET.
Ciliated simple columnar ET.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Nonciliated simple columnar ET: Nonciliated simple columnar epithelium lines the digestive tract and is involved in absorption and secretion. It is not specialized to stretch, so it is not found in the urinary bladder.
B. Transitional ET: Transitional epithelium is specialized to stretch and recoil, making it ideal for lining the urinary bladder. It allows the bladder to expand as it fills with urine and return to its original shape when empty, protecting underlying tissues.
C. Simple cuboidal ET: Simple cuboidal epithelium lines ducts and glands, providing moderate protection and secretion. It does not have the stretching capability required for the urinary bladder.
D. Ciliated simple columnar ET: Ciliated simple columnar epithelium is found in areas such as the respiratory tract and uterine tubes, where cilia move substances along the epithelial surface. It is not present in the urinary bladder.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. glucose is formed from noncarbohydrate molecules:Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic process in which glucose is synthesized from noncarbohydrate precursors such as amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. This process primarily occurs in the liver and helps maintain blood glucose levels during fasting or intense exercise.
B. glycogen is formed:The formation of glycogen from glucose is called glycogenesis, not gluconeogenesis. Glycogenesis stores glucose for later use rather than producing it from noncarbohydrate sources.
C. glucose is converted into carbon dioxide and water:The breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water occurs during cellular respiration, specifically glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, not gluconeogenesis.
D. glycogen is broken down to release glucose:The breakdown of glycogen to release glucose is called glycogenolysis. This process provides glucose when energy is needed but does not involve the formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation:This stage of cellular respiration produces the majority of ATP, typically about 26–34 molecules per glucose. It relies on the transfer of electrons through protein complexes and the use of a proton gradient to drive ATP synthase activity.
B. oxidation reactions:Oxidation reactions remove electrons from molecules, often transferring them to NAD⁺ or FAD. While essential for energy extraction, these reactions alone do not directly generate large amounts of ATP.
C. substrate-level phosphorylation:This mechanism occurs during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, producing ATP directly from enzyme-mediated reactions. However, it only accounts for a small fraction of ATP yield, about 2 ATP in glycolysis and 2 in the Krebs cycle.
D. lactic acid production:Lactic acid is formed in anaerobic respiration when pyruvate is reduced to lactate. This process regenerates NAD⁺ for glycolysis but yields no additional ATP beyond the small amount produced in glycolysis itself.
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