When caring for the patient with left sided heart failure, which of the following are subjective symptoms?

Patient verbalizes frequent fatigue.

Elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.

Orthopnea.

Cyanosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Fatigue is a subjective symptom because it is experienced and reported by the patient. Patients with left-sided heart failure often experience fatigue due to the heart’s inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs.
Choice B rationale
Elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is an objective symptom that can be measured and observed by healthcare professionals. It is not something that a patient can directly experience or report.
Choice C rationale
Orthopnea, or difficulty breathing when lying flat, is a subjective symptom as it is based on the patient’s personal experience. However, it is not the best answer in this case because the question asks for the “subjective symptoms,” and fatigue is a more common subjective symptom of left-sided heart failure.
Choice D rationale
Cyanosis, or bluish discoloration of the skin due to poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood, is an objective symptom that can be observed by healthcare professionals. It is not something that a patient can directly experience or report.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Deontology is an ethical theory that emphasizes duties or rules. It doesn’t focus on using case studies from one demographic to instruct a different demographic on ethical decision-making.
Choice B rationale
Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that determines right from wrong by focusing on outcomes. It suggests that the most ethical choice is the one that will produce the greatest good for the greatest number. It doesn’t involve using case studies from one demographic to instruct another.
Choice C rationale
Feminist ethics is an approach to ethics that builds on the belief that traditionally ethical theorizing has undervalued and/or underappreciated women’s moral experience. It doesn’t directly relate to the use of case studies from one demographic to instruct another.
Choice D rationale
Casuistry, in ethics, a case-based method of reasoning. It is particularly employed in field- specific branches of professional ethics such as business ethics and bioethics. Casuistry typically uses general principles in reasoning analogically from clear-cut cases, called paradigms, to vexing cases. This aligns with the scenario of a nursing educator utilizing case studies from one demographic to instruct a different demographic on ethical decision-making.

A. Justice. B. Accountability. C. Confidentiality. D. Fidelity.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Justice refers to fairness and equality in healthcare. While it is an important ethical principle in nursing, it does not specifically compel a nurse to report missing medication26.
Choice B rationale
Accountability is the ethical standard that compels a nurse to report missing medication. Nurses are accountable for their actions and are responsible for reporting any discrepancies or issues that could impact patient safety26.
Choice C rationale
Confidentiality refers to the protection of patient information. While it is an important ethical principle in nursing, it does not specifically compel a nurse to report missing medication26.
Choice D rationale
Fidelity refers to the commitment to fulfill promises and obligations. While it is an important ethical principle in nursing, it does not specifically compel a nurse to report missing medication26.

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When caring for the patient with left sided heart failure, which of the following are subjective symptoms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nursing educator is utilizing case studies from one demographic to instruct a different demographic on ethical decision-making. Which ethical system does this approach exemplify?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is conducting a medication count of narcotics in the cart. The nurse discovers an incorrect count and missing narcotic medication. Which ethical standard compels the nurse to report the missing medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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