When collecting a urine specimen, the nurse notices dark red urine. What condition may this indicate?
bleeding from the kidney
dehydration
bleeding from the lower urinary tract
excessive red meat in the patient's diet
The Correct Answer is A
A. Bleeding from the kidney: Dark red urine often indicates bleeding from the upper urinary tract, including the kidneys, due to trauma, infection, or stones.
B. Dehydration: Dehydration typically causes concentrated urine with a darker yellow color, not red.
C. Bleeding from the lower urinary tract: Bleeding from the lower urinary tract usually results in bright red urine, not dark red urine.
D. Excessive red meat in the patient's diet: While dietary factors can influence urine color (e.g., beets), red meat does not cause dark red urine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypertension as a result of the increased, concentrated blood volume: Hypertension in chronic kidney disease is due to fluid overload and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, not erythropoietin deficiency.
B. Elevated lipid levels in the bloodstream, contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis: Dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease is unrelated to erythropoietin deficiency.
C. Anemia as a result of the diminished number of red blood cells being produced: Erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production; its deficiency in chronic renal failure leads to anemia.
D. Diminished immunologic function with fewer white blood cells: White blood cell production is not directly affected by erythropoietin deficiency.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Multiple life changes and hormone deficiencies: These factors may contribute to psychological stress but do not directly increase the risk of physical injury.
B. Bone demineralization and peripheral neuropathy: Chronic renal failure often leads to bone demineralization (secondary to disrupted calcium-phosphorus metabolism) and peripheral neuropathy (due to uremic toxins), both of which increase injury risk.
C. Impaired immune response and malnutrition: These are common in chronic renal failure but are more related to infection risk than injury.
D. Fatigue and drug side effects: While fatigue and medication effects can contribute to falls, the primary causes are bone and nerve damage.
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