When observing a drug-exposed newborn, what symptom suggests that the newborn may be exhibiting withdrawal symptoms?

Sleepiness

Constipation

Irritability

Absent or startle reflex

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:

Sleepiness is not a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Sleepiness may be caused by other factors such as hypoglycemia, hypothermia, or infection.

Choice B reason:

Constipation is not a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Constipation may be caused by dehydration, formula intolerance, or lack of bowel stimulation.

Choice C reason:

Irritability is a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Irritability may manifest as excessive crying, jitteriness, tremors, or increased muscle tone. Irritability is caused by the overstimulation of the central nervous system due to the absence of the drug that the newborn was exposed to in utero.

Choice D reason:

Absent or startle reflex is not a symptom of withdrawal in newborns. Absent or startle reflex may indicate neurological damage, hypoxia, or brachial plexus injury. The startle reflex, also known as the Moro reflex, is a normal response to sudden stimuli in newborns.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Protamine sulfate is an antidote for heparin overdose, not magnesium sulfate toxicity.

Choice B reason:

Naloxone is an antidote for opioid overdose, not magnesium sulfate toxicity.

Choice C reason:

Flumazenil is an antidote for benzodiazepine overdose, not magnesium sulfate toxicity.

Choice D reason:

Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity. Magnesium sulfate is used to treat preeclampsia and prevent seizures, but it can cause respiratory depression, hypotension, and cardiac arrhythmias if given in excess. Calcium gluconate reverses the effects of magnesium by stabilizing the cell membrane and increasing the contractility of the heart.

A. FAS is caused by alcohol, and NAS is caused by opioids. B. FAS and NAS are both incurable. C. FAS is caused by analgesics and NAS is caused by NSAIDs. D. FAS and NAS are both curable.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

FAS is caused by alcohol, and NAS is caused by opioids. This is the correct answer because FAS stands for fetal alcohol syndrome, which is a condition that affects the development of a baby when the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. NAS stands for neonatal abstinence syndrome, which is a group of problems that can happen when a baby is exposed to opioid drugs for a length of time while in their mother's womb.

Choice B reason:

FAS and NAS are both incurable. This is incorrect because FAS and NAS are not diseases, but conditions that result from prenatal exposure to substances. FAS and NAS can cause various physical, mental, and behavioral problems in the baby, some of which may be permanent, but others may be improved with early intervention and treatment.

Choice C reason:

FAS is caused by analgesics and NAS is caused by NSAIDs. This is incorrect because analgesics are painkillers, and NSAIDs are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Neither of these types of drugs is known to cause FAS or NAS. However, some analgesics, such as codeine and oxycodone, are opioids and can cause NAS if used by pregnant women.

Choice D reason:

FAS and NAS are both curable. This is incorrect because FAS and NAS are not diseases, but conditions that result from prenatal exposure to substances. FAS and NAS can cause various physical, mental, and behavioral problems in the baby, some of which may be permanent, but others may be improved with early intervention and treatment. However, there is no cure for FAS or NAS.

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When observing a drug-exposed newborn, what symptom suggests that the newborn may be exhibiting withdrawal symptoms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with monitoring a client who has preeclampsia and is receiving magnesium sulfate. The client's respiratory rate is 8/min. Which of the following should the nurse administer?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

What is true regarding FAS and NAS?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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When observing a drug-exposed newborn, what symptom suggests that the newborn may be exhibiting withdrawal symptoms?