When teaching a prenatal class, the nurse realizes that some of the material must be reviewed when one of the dads says that many sexually transmitted infections are transmissible during delivery. The mother might need a cesarean section at the time of delivery to avoid transmission through breastfeeding. Which of the following statements is true?

Choice A rationale

Blood glucose level changes are unrelated to hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy, which specifically target bilirubin metabolism in the newborn's liver and skin.

Choice B rationale

A decrease in transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) levels shows effective phototherapy, as it converts bilirubin into water-soluble isomers that can be excreted.

Choice C rationale

Skin color changes from yellow to normal indicate reduced bilirubin levels, but the most accurate measure of phototherapy efficacy is the decrease in TcB levels.

Choice D rationale

Weight gain is not an indicator of effective phototherapy; it reflects overall nutrition and hydration status rather than bilirubin metabolism and excretion.

Choice A rationale

Persistent nausea and vomiting are common during the first trimester, but not to the extent seen in hyperemesis gravidarum, which involves severe and prolonged symptoms leading to dehydration and weight loss.

Choice B rationale

Hyperemesis gravidarum's exact cause is unknown, making it difficult to prevent. Risk factors include multiple pregnancies and a history of the condition, but no definitive prevention measures are established.

Choice C rationale

The chronic nausea, vomiting, and resultant physical debilitation of hyperemesis gravidarum significantly impact the quality of life, leading to anxiety and depression due to the persistent nature of the symptoms.

Choice D rationale

Hospitalization for rehydration and electrolyte balance restoration is often necessary for hyperemesis gravidarum due to severe dehydration from persistent vomiting and inability to retain fluids and nutrients.