When teaching parents about mandatory newborn screening, which of the following is the most important rationale for why the newborn screening test is given (often called PKU because this was the test mandated)?
Keep the state records updated.
Determine ABO incompatibilities
Determine if the infant has hypoglycemia
Recognize and treat multiple genetic or metabolic disorders.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Keeping state records updated is a procedural part of newborn screening, but it is not the primary reason for the test.
B. ABO incompatibilities are a separate issue and are not the focus of newborn screening tests like PKU.
C. Hypoglycemia is not detected by the newborn screening tests, which focus on metabolic and genetic disorders, not immediate blood glucose levels.
D. The primary goal of newborn screening is to detect various genetic or metabolic disorders early. Early identification allows for timely treatment that can prevent serious health complications, including developmental delays or death.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Ensuring a calm environment by minimizing excessive stimuli is important for the safety and well-being of the patient.
B. Asking about drug use is essential to understand potential risks and provide appropriate care.
C. Administering sedatives to a combative patient without assessing the situation further could be dangerous. It could harm the patient and fetus, especially if drug use or psychological disorders are suspected.
D. Performing a vaginal exam is necessary to assess bleeding and determine if there are any signs of preterm labor or other complications.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The A1C is not used for diagnosing gestational diabetes; it measures long-term blood glucose levels.
B. A fasting glucose test in the first trimester is not typically used for diagnosing gestational diabetes.
C. The three-hour glucose tolerance test is used for diagnosing gestational diabetes but not as a routine screening for all women.
D. The standard screening test for gestational diabetes is the one-hour glucose challenge test, typically performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation.
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