When the nurse checks to see whether a patient is still having pain. 45 minutes after administering pain medication, the nurse is performing which part of the nursing process?

A. Objective:
Objective data refers to measurable and observable information, often obtained through assessments, tests, or observations. It includes vital signs, laboratory results, physical examination findings, and other data that can be quantified and documented. For example, a blood pressure reading, a recorded temperature, or the observation of a patient's skin color are objective data points.

B. Unreliable:
Unreliable data refer to information that cannot be trusted or depended upon due to its inconsistency or lack of credibility. If a patient provides information that is conflicting, constantly changing, or not coherent, it might be considered unreliable. In healthcare, it's crucial for data to be reliable to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.

C. Subjective:
Subjective data are patient-reported information based on their own feelings, experiences, or opinions. This information cannot be measured or observed by others and is typically obtained through patient interviews. Symptoms like pain, headache, or nausea fall into the category of subjective data because they are felt and described by the patient but cannot be independently verified by the healthcare provider.

D. Historical:
Historical data pertain to a patient's past medical history, including previous illnesses, surgeries, allergies, medications, and family medical history. It provides context for the patient's current health status and aids healthcare providers in understanding the patient's overall health background.

A. Assessment:

Explanation: Assessment is the first step in the nursing process. It involves gathering information about the patient's health status. This can include a patient's medical history, physical examination, and other vital signs. It's the phase where the nurse collects data to identify the patient's problems or needs.
B. Nursing Diagnosis:

Explanation: Nursing diagnosis is the second step in the nursing process, following assessment. During this step, the nurse analyzes the data collected during the assessment to identify nursing diagnoses or issues. Nursing diagnoses are clinical judgments about individual, family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes.
C. Evaluation:

Explanation: Evaluation is the last step in the nursing process. It involves assessing the patient's response to nursing interventions and determining if the goals and outcomes have been met. In the given scenario, the nurse is evaluating whether the pain medication administered 45 minutes ago has had the desired effect and has relieved the patient's pain.
D. Implementation:

Explanation: Implementation is the third step in the nursing process. During this phase, the nurse carries out the care plan that was designed during the planning phase. This can involve a variety of nursing actions, including administering medications, providing treatments, and educating patients. In the context of the scenario, giving pain medication is part of the implementation phase.