When using the PIE format for documentation, which of the following elements should the nurse include under 'P?

A. The patient will be educated about the signs of infection. This is incorrect because it is not specific or measurable. The statement does not describe how the nurse will evaluate whether the patient has understood the information.

B. The patient will know how to manage diabetes effectively. This is incorrect because "know" is not measurable. A better outcome statement would describe a specific action the patient will perform to demonstrate their understanding of diabetes management.

C. The patient will understand the importance of medication adherence. This is incorrect because "understand" is not an observable or measurable behavior. Instead, an outcome should describe an action the patient will take, such as demonstrating how to take medication correctly.

D. The patient will walk 50 feet with a walker unassisted by the end of the week. This is correct because it is specific, measurable, and time-bound. It describes a clear action that the nurse can assess.

E. The patient will demonstrate correct use of an inhaler by the end of the teaching session. This is correct because it is measurable and observable. The nurse can directly assess whether the patient correctly uses the inhaler.

F. The patient will report a pain level of less than 4 on a scale of 0 to 10 within 24 hours of receiving pain medication. This is correct because it is specific, includes a measurable criterion (pain scale), and has a clear timeframe.

A. Skin feeling warm to the touch. This is incorrect because warmth may indicate inflammation, infection, or increased blood flow, but it does not necessarily mean the skin’s integrity is impaired. Skin integrity refers to the structural intactness of the skin.

B. Presence of a wound with partial-thickness skin loss. This is correct because partial-thickness skin loss indicates that the protective barrier of the skin has been compromised. This is a clear sign of impaired skin integrity, which requires appropriate assessment and intervention to promote healing and prevent infection.

C. Dry skin with no visible lesions. This is incorrect because while dry skin may be at risk for breakdown, it does not indicate that the skin is currently impaired. Intact dry skin still maintains its structural integrity.

D. Slight redness of the skin after applying pressure. This is incorrect because transient redness that disappears after pressure relief is not necessarily a sign of skin breakdown. However, if redness persists (non-blanchable erythema), it may indicate a stage 1 pressure injury, which would then suggest potential skin integrity impairment.