Which client does the nurse recognize to have the greatest risk of an adverse reaction if prescribed potassium Penicillin G?

55-year-old woman with coronary artery disease

21-year-old college senior who is being treated for Streptococcus

23-year-old woman who recently delivered and has mastitis

65-year-old man with dehydration .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

55-year-old woman with coronary artery disease. While patients with coronary artery disease often have multiple comorbidities and may be on medications that could interact with Penicillin G, there is no specific increased risk of adverse reactions to Penicillin G in this population.

Choice B rationale

21-year-old college senior who is being treated for Streptococcus. Penicillin G is often used to treat Streptococcus infections. There is no specific increased risk of adverse reactions in this population unless the patient has a known allergy to penicillins.

Choice C rationale

23-year-old woman who recently delivered and has mastitis. Penicillin G can be used to treat mastitis, an infection of the breast tissue that results in breast pain, swelling, warmth, and redness. There is no specific increased risk of adverse reactions in this population unless the patient has a known allergy to penicillins.

Choice D rationale

65-year-old man with dehydration. Dehydration can affect kidney function, and Penicillin G is excreted by the kidneys. Therefore, patients with dehydration or any other condition that reduces kidney function are at a higher risk of adverse reactions to Penicillin G3.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Heparin does not actually thin the blood or make it less thick. Instead, it works by increasing the activity of antithrombin, a protein that inhibits blood clotting. This prevents new clots from forming and existing clots from growing larger.

Choice B rationale

Heparin does not dissolve clots or decrease the formation of platelets. Its primary action is to increase the activity of antithrombin, which in turn inactivates thrombin and factor Xa, two key players in the blood clotting process.

Choice C rationale

This statement is accurate. Heparin does not thin the blood; instead, it prevents new clots from forming and existing clots from growing larger. It does this by increasing the activity of antithrombin, which in turn inactivates thrombin and factor Xa.

Choice D rationale

Heparin does not decrease the number of platelets or make the blood flow more easily. Its primary action is to increase the activity of antithrombin, which in turn inactivates thrombin and factor Xa.

A. Smaller doses of both drugs can be used with this method. B. This combination facilitates the thrombolysis more quickly. C. The heparin provides anticoagulation until the warfarin becomes effective. D. This combination provides immediate anticoagulation.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While it might seem that smaller doses of both drugs could be used when they are prescribed together, this is not the primary reason for using heparin and warfarin together. Both drugs have different mechanisms of action and are used for their unique therapeutic effects.

Choice B rationale

The combination of heparin and warfarin does not facilitate thrombolysis more quickly. Thrombolysis is the process of breaking down clots, and while these medications can prevent the formation of new clots, they do not actively break down existing ones.

Choice C rationale

Heparin and warfarin are often used together in the treatment of thrombophlebitis because they provide different benefits. Heparin acts quickly to prevent further clotting and allows the body to naturally break down existing clots. Warfarin, on the other hand, takes several days to become effective. Therefore, heparin is used to provide immediate anticoagulation until the warfarin becomes effective.

Choice D rationale

While it’s true that the combination of heparin and warfarin provides immediate anticoagulation, this is primarily due to the action of heparin. Warfarin takes several days to become effective, so it does not contribute to the immediate anticoagulant effect.

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Which client does the nurse recognize to have the greatest risk of an adverse reaction if prescribed potassium Penicillin G?

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis asks the nurse, “How does this blood thinner heparin work?” Which response is most accurate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

A client is receiving heparin sodium 1000 units per hour via an infusion and warfarin sodium 2.5 mg PO for thrombophlebitis in the left leg. The nurse educates the client that heparin and warfarin are prescribed together because:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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