Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts?
Diabetic retinopathy.
Diabetic neuropathy.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Diabetic cataracts.
The Correct Answer is D
Diabetic cataracts result from the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts. This can cause blurred vision and visual disturbances.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.
b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.
c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Empagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor that reduces renal glucose reabsorption, leading to increased urinary glucose excretion and improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Metformin primarily improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.
b. This choice is incorrect. Glipizide stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells.
d. This choice is incorrect. Insulin detemir is a long-acting basal insulin used in insulin therapy.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This statement is incorrect because it inaccurately suggests that insulin administration is only necessary for type 1 diabetes. While it is essential for type 1 diabetes, it can also be used in some cases of type 2 diabetes when other treatments are ineffective.
Incorrect choices:
a. This statement is correct. Insulin facilitates the entry of glucose into cells for energy.
b. This statement is correct. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and released in response to elevated blood sugar levels.
d. This statement is correct. In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance occurs, meaning the body's cells become less responsive to the effects of insulin.
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