Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts?

Diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic neuropathy.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Diabetic cataracts.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Diabetic cataracts result from the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts. This can cause blurred vision and visual disturbances.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Weight loss despite increased appetite (polyphagia) is a clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus due to the body's inability to effectively use glucose for energy, leading to breakdown of muscle and fat tissue.

Incorrect choices:

b. This choice is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are not directly related to weight loss despite increased appetite.

c. This choice is incorrect. Impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infections are consequences of chronic hyperglycemia, but they are not directly related to weight loss.

d. This choice is incorrect. Rapid weight gain and bloating are not characteristic manifestations of diabetes mellitus; weight loss is more common.

A. Fiber intake. B. Protein intake. C. Fat intake. D. Carbohydrate intake.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Carbohydrates have the most significant impact on blood glucose levels as they are broken down into glucose during digestion. Monitoring and controlling carbohydrate intake is crucial for managing blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Fiber intake is important for digestive health and can help stabilize blood glucose levels, but it does not have as direct an impact as carbohydrates.

b. This choice is incorrect. Protein intake can influence insulin secretion, but it has a more modest effect on blood glucose compared to carbohydrates.

c. This choice is incorrect. Fat intake affects overall health, but it has a minimal direct impact on blood glucose levels.

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Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus is commonly associated with weight loss despite increased appetite?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which dietary component is particularly important for individuals with diabetes mellitus to monitor and control due to its direct impact on blood glucose levels?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which classification of diabetes mellitus occurs during pregnancy and typically resolves after childbirth?

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus is characterized by blurred or distorted vision?

Which medication works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, facilitating glucose uptake by cells, and is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about the importance of blood sugar monitoring. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels and the presence of ketones in the urine, leading to metabolic acidosis and potentially life-threatening complications?

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus results from chronic hyperglycemia damaging small blood vessels and nerves?

The nurse is providing education to a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

Which medication works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine, and is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?