Which condition causes the formation of biliary sludge?
Hepatitis
Bile stasis
Ascites
Biliary colic
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver and does not directly cause biliary sludge. It can lead to liver damage and other complications, but not specifically biliary sludge.
Choice B reason: Bile stasis, or the stagnation of bile, leads to the formation of biliary sludge. When bile does not flow properly, it can thicken and form sludge, which consists of bile salts, cholesterol, and other substances.
Choice C reason: Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, typically due to liver disease, and does not cause biliary sludge.
Choice D reason: Biliary colic is pain caused by the obstruction of the bile ducts, often by gallstones, but it does not itself cause the formation of biliary sludge. Sludge can lead to biliary colic if it obstructs the bile ducts, but it is not a causative condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Wearing an external collection bag is typically associated with other types of urinary diversions, such as an ileal conduit, not a neobladder.
Choice B reason: A neobladder involves the creation of an internal pouch from a segment of the intestine that stores urine and allows for more natural urination, similar to the function of a natural bladder. This option provides the ability to void through the urethra.
Choice C reason: While some initial incontinence can occur after neobladder surgery, the goal is to eventually have voluntary control over urination with time and practice.
Choice D reason: Having a stoma located in the abdomen is characteristic of an ileal conduit or urostomy, not a neobladder. The neobladder is designed to avoid the need for an external stoma.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Renal function is not reestablished during the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. This phase is characterized by significantly reduced urine output, indicating ongoing impaired kidney function.
Choice B reason: Urine output of less than 400 mL per 24 hours is a defining feature of the oliguric phase. This reduced output reflects the kidneys' inability to filter and excrete waste products effectively.
Choice C reason: BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) and creatinine levels do not decrease during the oliguric phase; they typically increase due to the kidneys' reduced ability to clear these waste products from the blood.
Choice D reason: The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) does not recover during the oliguric phase. This phase is marked by a decreased GFR, indicating poor kidney function.
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