Which diagnostic test is commonly used to assess long-term glucose control in individuals with diabetes mellitus?
Fasting blood glucose test.
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test.
C-peptide test.
The Correct Answer is C
The HbA1c test measures the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months and provides information about long-term glucose control. It is commonly used to monitor diabetes management and assess the effectiveness of treatment.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. The fasting blood glucose test measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and provides information about current glucose levels, not long-term control.
b. This choice is incorrect. The OGTT measures the body's ability to clear glucose from the blood and is used to diagnose diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, but it is not typically used for assessing long-term glucose control.
d. This choice is incorrect. The C-peptide test is used to assess insulin production by the pancreas and is not typically used to assess long-term glucose control.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. It facilitates glucose uptake into cells, promotes glycogen synthesis in the liver and muscles, and inhibits hepatic glucose production.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Glucagon is another pancreatic hormone that increases blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown and glucose release from the liver.
c. This choice is incorrect. Epinephrine is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that can raise blood glucose levels during times of stress.
d. This choice is incorrect. Cortisol, also produced by the adrenal glands, can increase blood glucose levels in response to stress and inflammation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance occurs, meaning that the body's cells do not respond effectively to the action of insulin. This leads to decreased glucose uptake by cells and elevated blood sugar levels.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells is characteristic of type 1 diabetes, not type 2.
b. This choice is incorrect. Increased sensitivity of cells to insulin would result in improved glucose uptake and reduced hyperglycemia.
d. This choice is incorrect. Excess insulin production by the pancreas is not a typical mechanism in type 2 diabetes.
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