Which disease causes a classic butterfly rash over cheeks and bridge of nose (malar rash), which looks like a sunburn?
Psoriasis.
Eczema.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Acne vulgaris.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches (plaques) with well-defined borders, often on extensor surfaces like elbows and knees. It does not typically manifest as a butterfly-shaped rash on the face, differentiating it from the specified presentation.
Choice B rationale
Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is an inflammatory skin condition presenting with itchy, red, and sometimes weeping or crusted patches. While it can affect the face, its distribution and appearance do not typically form the classic butterfly-shaped malar rash described.
Choice C rationale
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation. A classic dermatological manifestation is the "malar rash" or "butterfly rash" over the cheeks and bridge of the nose, resembling a sunburn, which is highly characteristic of the disease.
Choice D rationale
Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition involving inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands, leading to comedones, papules, pustules, and cysts. It typically affects the face, chest, and back but does not present as a distinct butterfly-shaped erythematous rash.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Night sweats are a common manifestation of tuberculosis and certain malignancies, but they are not a primary or typical indicator of pneumonia in older adults. While systemic inflammation can occur, the diaphoresis associated with pneumonia is often general and less specific to nighttime periods.
Choice B rationale
Confusion, or an acute change in mental status, is a very common and often the presenting manifestation of pneumonia in older adult clients. This is due to systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, and decreased cerebral perfusion, making the brain more vulnerable to physiological changes than in younger individuals.
Choice C rationale
Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is a more common manifestation of pneumonia in older adults. The body compensates for hypoxemia and increased metabolic demands by increasing heart rate to improve oxygen delivery to tissues. Bradycardia would be atypical and might suggest other underlying conditions.
Choice D rationale
A narrowed pulse pressure, which is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure, is often an indicator of conditions like cardiac tamponade or severe hypovolemia. In pneumonia, while blood pressure can fluctuate, a consistently narrowed pulse pressure is not a specific or common finding.
Correct Answer is ["0.5"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Convert mcg to mg. 125 mcg = 0.125 mg.
Step 2 is: Calculate the number of tablets. 0.125 mg ÷ (0.25 mg/tablet) = 0.5 tablets. The nurse should administer 0.5 tablets per dose.
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