Which general dietary measure should the nurse include in a teaching plan for the child with type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Focus on complex carbohydrates and eat foods high in fiber
Control intake of carbohydrates and consume fewer calories
Eat a diet low in fat and low in complex carbohydrates
Obtain most calories from proteins and fats
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Complex carbohydrates (e.g., whole grains) and high-fiber foods provide steady glucose release, aiding glycemic control in type 1 diabetes. Fiber slows glucose absorption, reducing postprandial spikes. This supports insulin therapy, promoting stable blood sugar and preventing hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, making it the optimal dietary measure for children.
Choice B reason: Controlling carbohydrate intake is important in type 1 diabetes, but reducing calories is not universally required, especially in growing children. Complex carbohydrates and fiber are prioritized for stable glucose levels. Calorie restriction may impair growth, making this a less appropriate dietary focus compared to complex carbohydrate emphasis.
Choice C reason: A diet low in fat is beneficial, but low complex carbohydrates are counterproductive in type 1 diabetes. Complex carbohydrates provide sustained glucose for insulin matching, supporting growth and energy needs. Low-carbohydrate diets risk hypoglycemia, making this an incorrect dietary measure for effective diabetes management in children.
Choice D reason: Obtaining most calories from proteins and fats risks ketosis and inadequate glucose for insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes. Complex carbohydrates are essential for stable blood sugar and growth. High-fat/protein diets may cause long-term cardiovascular issues, making this an inappropriate dietary focus for diabetic children.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Whole-wheat bread contains gluten, a protein harmful in celiac disease, causing villous atrophy and malabsorption in the small intestine. This triggers diarrhea, weight loss, and nutrient deficiencies. A gluten-free diet is essential, making a chicken sandwich on whole-wheat bread an inappropriate choice for a child with this condition.
Choice B reason: Pizza and chocolate cake typically contain wheat flour, a gluten source, which damages the intestinal mucosa in celiac disease, leading to inflammation and malabsorption. These foods exacerbate symptoms like diarrhea and abdominal pain, making them unsuitable for a child requiring a strict gluten-free diet to manage the condition.
Choice C reason: Corn tortillas and fresh fruit are naturally gluten-free, safe for celiac disease. Corn lacks the harmful proteins (gliadin) that trigger immune-mediated intestinal damage. Fresh fruit provides nutrients without gluten, supporting healing of the intestinal mucosa and preventing symptoms like diarrhea, making this the best dietary choice.
Choice D reason: Spaghetti and blueberry muffins are made with wheat flour, containing gluten, which causes intestinal villous atrophy in celiac disease. This leads to malabsorption, diarrhea, and growth issues. These foods are contraindicated, as a gluten-free diet is critical to prevent symptoms and promote intestinal healing in affected children.
Correct Answer is ["3.1"]
Explanation
Step 1 is to convert pounds to kilograms: (22 ÷ 2.2) = 10 Result = 10 kg
Step 2 is to calculate the total dose in mg: 10 × 10 = 100 Result = 100 mg
Step 3 is to find out how many mL contains 100 mg when 160 mg is in 5 mL: (100 ÷ 160) × 5 = Step 3a is (100 ÷ 160) = 0.625 Step 3b is 0.625 × 5 = 3.125 Result = 3.125 mL
Step 4 is to round to the nearest tenth: 3.125 rounds to 3.1
Final result = 3.1 mL
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