Which information about a patient who has a new prescription for phenytoin (Dilantin) indicates that the nurse should consult with the health care provider before administration of the medication?

Patient has slight elevations in liver function test results

Patient's most recent blood pressure is 156/92 mm Hg.

Patient experiences an aura before seizures.

Patient has tonic-clonic seizures.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Patient has slight elevations in liver function test results: Phenytoin is primarily metabolized by the liver, and elevated liver function tests may indicate impaired liver function, potentially affecting the metabolism and clearance of phenytoin. Consultation with the healthcare provider is warranted to assess the risk-benefit ratio of administering phenytoin in the presence of liver function abnormalities.

B. Patient's most recent blood pressure is 156/92 mm Hg: While hypertension is not a contraindication for phenytoin administration, it is important to monitor blood pressure, especially considering the potential cardiovascular side effects of the medication. However, elevated blood pressure alone does not typically warrant consultation before administering phenytoin.

C. Patient experiences an aura before seizures: Experiencing an aura before seizures is a common phenomenon in patients with epilepsy and does not necessarily contraindicate the use of phenytoin. In fact, phenytoin is commonly prescribed to prevent seizures, including those preceded by an aura.

D. Patient has tonic-clonic seizures: Phenytoin is indicated for the treatment and prevention of tonic-clonic seizures, among other seizure types. Therefore, the presence of tonic-clonic seizures would not typically warrant consultation before administering phenytoin.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "An MRI scan is not distorted by movement, so you do not have to lie still." This statement is incorrect. Movement during an MRI scan can distort images and affect the quality of the diagnostic information obtained. Patients are typically instructed to lie as still as possible during the procedure.

B. "The MRI contrast dye contains iodine and can cause your skin to itch." This statement is incorrect. MRI contrast agents do not contain iodine and are not associated with itching.
However, some patients may experience allergic reactions to MRI contrast agents, but this is not related to iodine.

C. "An MRI scan is very noisy, and you will be allowed to wear earplugs while in the scanner." This statement is correct. MRI scanners produce loud noises during imaging, which can be bothersome to some patients. Patients are often provided with earplugs or headphones to help reduce the noise and make the experience more comfortable.

D. "An MRI scan is a short procedure and should take no longer than 30 minutes." This statement is incorrect. The duration of an MRI scan can vary depending on the type of imaging being performed and the specific protocol used. Some MRI scans may take longer than 30 minutes to complete.

A. Apply an eye patch to the right eye. B. Teach the patient that the left visual deficit will resolve. C. Approach the patient from the right side. D. Place needed objects on the patient's left side.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Apply an eye patch to the right eye: Applying an eye patch to the right eye would further limit the patient's visual field, exacerbating the homonymous hemianopsia. This intervention is not appropriate for managing hemianopsia.

B. Teach the patient that the left visual deficit will resolve: Homonymous hemianopsia typically results from damage to the visual pathway in the brain and may not resolve completely. While visual rehabilitation techniques may help improve compensatory strategies, it is important to acknowledge and address the permanent nature of the deficit.

C. Approach the patient from the right side: Approaching the patient from the right side may startle them and increase the risk of falls or accidents due to the inability to perceive objects on their left side. The nurse should approach the patient from the unaffected side (the left side) to minimize the risk of injury.

D. Place needed objects on the patient's left side: Placing needed objects on the patient's left side helps compensate for the visual deficit by ensuring that essential items are within the patient's field of vision. This intervention promotes independence and safety for the patient with homonymous hemianopsia.

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Which information about a patient who has a new prescription for phenytoin (Dilantin) indicates that the nurse should consult with the health care provider before administration of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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