Which laboratory test results should the nurse monitor in a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.

Serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus.

Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature.

Leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. While monitoring erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit is important in clients with ESRD due to the risk of anemia associated with kidney dysfunction, it is not the primary focus of monitoring for ESRD.

B. Clients with ESRD often experience electrolyte imbalances, including hyperkalemia (high potassium), hypocalcemia (low calcium), and hyperphosphatemia (high phosphorus). Monitoring these electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, bone
disease, and soft tissue calcifications.

C. While blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature are essential vital signs to monitor in all clients, they are not specific laboratory tests for monitoring ESRD. However, blood pressure monitoring is particularly important in ESRD due to the increased risk of hypertension and its associated complications.

D. Monitoring leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine levels is not typically a primary concern in clients with ESRD. Leukocyte and neutrophil levels may be monitored to assess for signs of infection, but they are not specific to ESRD. Thyroxine levels are typically monitored in clients with thyroid disorders, not ESRD.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is []

Explanation

Actions to Take:

A. Educate on disease process and management: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic

autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of the synovial membrane, leading to joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. Educating the client about RA helps them understand the disease, its

progression, treatment options, and the importance of adherence to prescribed medications and lifestyle modifications. This empowers the client to actively participate in managing their condition and improve outcomes.

B. Turn every two hours to offload bony prominences to prevent pressure injuries: Rheumatoid arthritis predisposes individuals to joint deformities and immobility due to joint inflammation and pain. Immobility increases the risk of pressure injuries, especially over bony prominences. Turning the client every two hours helps redistribute pressure, reduces the risk of pressure ulcers, and maintains skin integrity.

Potential Condition:

D. Rheumatoid arthritis: The client's clinical presentation, including bilateral joint pain and stiffness, positive rheumatoid factor, positive antinuclear antibody test, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and soft tissue swelling with marginal erosions on hand X-rays, is consistent with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the synovial joints, leading to joint damage, pain, and functional impairment.

Parameters to Monitor:

C. Pain: Monitoring pain is essential in rheumatoid arthritis management to assess the effectiveness of pain management interventions and adjust treatment accordingly. Pain assessment tools, such as numerical rating scales or visual analog scales, help quantify pain intensity and guide pain management strategies.

D. Skin breakdown: Rheumatoid arthritis can limit mobility and predispose individuals to prolonged immobility, increasing the risk of pressure injuries. Monitoring for signs of skin breakdown, such as erythema, blanchable or non-blanchable skin changes, and skin integrity over bony prominences, helps prevent pressure ulcers and facilitates early intervention if skin breakdown occurs. Regularly turning the client, maintaining proper positioning, and providing adequate support surfaces are essential to prevent pressure injuries.

A. 2+ pitting edema of the feet. B. Pallor. C. Orthopnea. D. Right-sided paralysis.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. 2+ pitting edema of the feet. While edema requires monitoring and may necessitate some adjustments in care, it does not directly impact the ability to provide a bed bath.
B. Pallor. Pallor indicates potential anemia or poor circulation but does not directly impact the provision of a bed bath.

C. Orthopnea. Orthopnea, difficulty breathing when lying flat, is critical to consider when planning a bed bath. The client may need to be positioned with the head elevated to facilitate breathing and ensure comfort during the bath.
D. Right-sided paralysis. Paralysis requires careful handling to prevent injury, but it is not as

immediately critical to the bathing process as orthopnea, which directly affects the client's ability to breathe comfortably.

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Which laboratory test results should the nurse monitor in a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exhibits Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

Correct Answer is []

Explanation

Which assessment finding is most important when planning to provide a complete bed bath to a bedfast client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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