Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels and nerve endings?
Basement membrane
Hypodermis
Epidermis
Dermis
The Correct Answer is D
A. Basement membrane: This is a thin, non-cellular adhesive layer that anchors the epidermis to the dermis. It does not contain its own blood supply or complex nerve endings.
B. Hypodermis: While the hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue) does contain larger blood vessels and nerves, the question describes the characteristics of the "skin." The dermis is the classic answer for the vascularized and innervated layer of the skin itself, often contrasted with the avascular epidermis.
C. Epidermis: The epidermis is avascular (has no blood vessels) and receives its nutrients via diffusion from the dermis below. It has free nerve endings but lacks the rich vascular network found in the dermis.
D. Dermis: The dermis is highly vascular (rich in blood capillaries) to regulate temperature and provide nutrients. It is also packed with sensory receptors (nerve endings) for touch, pressure, heat, and pain.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. To line and support the abdominal cavity and its organs:The peritoneum is a serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity (parietal peritoneum) and covers most of the intra-abdominal organs (visceral peritoneum). It supports the organs, holds them in place, and secretes serous fluid to reduce friction during movement (like digestion).
B. To secrete hormones that regulate metabolism:This is the primary function of the endocrine system (e.g., thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands), not the peritoneal membrane.
C. To facilitate gas exchange in the lungs:Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs. The membrane lining the thoracic cavity and lungs is the pleura, not the peritoneum.
D. To protect the brain and spinal cord:The protective membranes covering the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) are collectively called the meninges(dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater).
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Tricuspid valve:The tricuspid valve is located on the right side of the heart. It prevents blood from flowing backward from the right ventricle into the right atrium during contraction (systole).
B. Pulmonary valve:The pulmonary valve is a semilunar valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. It prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle after it has been pumped to the lungs.
C. Mitral valve:Also known as the bicuspid valve, this valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle. During ventricular contraction (systole), it closes tightly to prevent blood from regurgitating (flowing back) into the left atrium, ensuring blood exits through the aorta.
D. Aortic valve:The aortic valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta. It prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after it has been pumped out to the rest of the body.
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