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Which medication is prescribed for a client with COPD to treat acute bronchospasm?

A.

Epinephrine

B.

Montelukast (Singulair)

C.

Theophylline

D.

Tiotropium Bromide (Spiriva)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Epinephrine

Epinephrine is a bronchodilator that can be used in emergencies to treat acute bronchospasm. It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways and can be administered via inhalation or injection. However, it is not typically the first-line treatment for COPD, and other bronchodilators are often preferred.

B. Montelukast (Singulair)

Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that is used for the long-term control and prevention of symptoms in conditions like asthma, but it is not typically used for acute bronchospasm. It is more commonly used for maintenance therapy to prevent exacerbations.

C. Theophylline

Theophylline is a bronchodilator that can be used to treat acute bronchospasm in COPD. However, it is not commonly used as a first-line treatment due to its narrow therapeutic range and potential for side effects. It may be considered in certain cases when other bronchodilators are not well-tolerated or effective.

D. Tiotropium Bromide (Spiriva)

Tiotropium bromide is a long-acting antimuscarinic bronchodilator used for the long-term maintenance treatment of COPD. It is not typically prescribed for the treatment of acute bronchospasm but rather for the prevention of symptoms over the long term.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Avoid elevated altitudes of greater than 2,000 feet (if possible) and air travel for 2-4 weeks (depending on the oncologist’s advice):

Altitude and air travel restrictions are not common recommendations after completing chemotherapy.

B. Avoid foods high in purine for 30-90 days (depending on the oncologist’s advice):

Restrictions on foods high in purine are not typically associated with post-chemotherapy care.

C. Avoid sun exposure for 60-90 days following chemotherapy (depending on oncologist’s advice):

Chemotherapy can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight. Advising the patient to avoid sun exposure or take precautions such as using sunscreen can help prevent skin damage during this period.

D. Have a solid plan for contraception for 3 months to 2 years (depending on the oncologist’s advice):

Contraception considerations may be important, but the timeframe mentioned is not a standard recommendation following chemotherapy completion. The need for contraception may vary depending on the patient's overall health, reproductive goals, and specific chemotherapy drugs received. This decision is usually discussed with the healthcare provider on an individual basis.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Decrease viral load:

This is a goal typically associated with antiviral medications, which aim to reduce the amount of virus in the body, commonly seen in the treatment of viral infections like HIV.

B. Kill tumor cells:

This is the goal of many cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy. These treatments aim to destroy or inhibit the growth of cancer cells.

C. Increase body defenses:

This is a goal often associated with immunotherapy, which aims to enhance the body's immune system to better recognize and attack cancer cells or other pathogens.

D. Relieve symptoms:

This is the primary goal of palliative therapy, which focuses on managing and alleviating symptoms, improving the patient's comfort and quality of life, especially in the context of serious or life-limiting illnesses like cancer.

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