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Which medication is prescribed for a client with COPD to treat acute bronchospasm?

A.

Epinephrine

B.

Montelukast (Singulair)

C.

Theophylline

D.

Tiotropium Bromide (Spiriva)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Epinephrine

Epinephrine is a bronchodilator that can be used in emergencies to treat acute bronchospasm. It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways and can be administered via inhalation or injection. However, it is not typically the first-line treatment for COPD, and other bronchodilators are often preferred.

B. Montelukast (Singulair)

Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that is used for the long-term control and prevention of symptoms in conditions like asthma, but it is not typically used for acute bronchospasm. It is more commonly used for maintenance therapy to prevent exacerbations.

C. Theophylline

Theophylline is a bronchodilator that can be used to treat acute bronchospasm in COPD. However, it is not commonly used as a first-line treatment due to its narrow therapeutic range and potential for side effects. It may be considered in certain cases when other bronchodilators are not well-tolerated or effective.

D. Tiotropium Bromide (Spiriva)

Tiotropium bromide is a long-acting antimuscarinic bronchodilator used for the long-term maintenance treatment of COPD. It is not typically prescribed for the treatment of acute bronchospasm but rather for the prevention of symptoms over the long term.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

. Decreased coughing:

Dextromethorphan is primarily used as an antitussive, meaning it helps reduce coughing. It acts on the cough center in the brain to suppress the urge to cough.

B. Relief of nasal congestion:

Dextromethorphan is not typically used for relieving nasal congestion. Decongestants, such as pseudoephedrine, are more commonly used for this purpose.

C. Thinning of secretions:

Dextromethorphan does not have a direct effect on thinning secretions. Expectorants, like guaifenesin, are often used for this purpose.

D. Bronchodilation:

Dextromethorphan is not known for its bronchodilator effects. Bronchodilators, such as albuterol, are used for widening the airways in conditions like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Correct Answer is C,A,B

Explanation

The correct order for administering ipratropium bromide (Atrovent), albuterol (Proventil), and an inhaled glucocorticoid (steroid) to treat chronic bronchitis is:

C. Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent), albuterol (Proventil), glucocorticoid (steroid)

Here's the rationale for this order:

Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent): Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that helps to relax the muscles around the airways, allowing for increased airflow. It is typically recommended to use ipratropium before other bronchodilators to maximize their effectiveness.

Albuterol (Proventil): Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, leading to improved airflow. Using it after ipratropium further promotes bronchodilation.

Glucocorticoid (steroid): Inhaled glucocorticoids have anti-inflammatory effects and help to reduce airway inflammation. Using the glucocorticoid last allows it to reach the airways and exert its anti-inflammatory effects.

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