Which of the following accurately describe the differences between vaso-occlusive crisis, sequestration crisis, and aplastic crisis in sickle cell anemia? (Select All that Apply.)

Aplastic crisis is caused by a decrease in the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

Sequestration crisis involves the blockage of small blood vessels by sickled red blood cells.

Vaso-occlusive crisis is characterized by the pooling of large amounts of blood in the spleen and liver.

Aplastic crisis is characterized by the pooling of large amounts of blood in the spleen and liver.

Sequestration crisis is characterized by the pooling of large amounts of blood in the spleen and liver.

Vaso-occlusive crisis involves the blockage of small blood vessels by sickled red blood cells.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,E,F

A. Aplastic crisis is caused by a decrease in the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow is correct. Aplastic crisis is often triggered by an infection (such as parvovirus B19), leading to a sudden reduction in red blood cell production, which can exacerbate anemia.

B. Sequestration crisis involves the blockage of small blood vessels by sickled red blood cells is incorrect. This describes a vaso-occlusive crisis, not sequestration crisis. Sequestration crisis involves pooling of blood in the spleen or liver, leading to organ enlargement and circulatory collapse.

C. Vaso-occlusive crisis is characterized by the pooling of large amounts of blood in the spleen and liver is incorrect. Vaso-occlusive crisis is characterized by the blockage of small blood vessels by sickled cells, leading to pain, ischemia, and tissue damage.

D. Aplastic crisis is characterized by the pooling of large amounts of blood in the spleen and liver is incorrect. Aplastic crisis is primarily related to bone marrow failure and reduced red blood cell production, not blood pooling in organs.

E. Sequestration crisis is characterized by the pooling of large amounts of blood in the spleen and liver is correct. In sequestration crisis, the spleen and liver trap large amounts of blood, which can lead to hypovolemic shock and severe anemia.

F. Vaso-occlusive crisis involves the blockage of small blood vessels by sickled red blood cells is correct. Vaso-occlusive crisis occurs when sickled red blood cells obstruct blood flow in small vessels, causing pain, tissue damage, and potential organ dysfunction.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A deep wound causing external bleeding does not describe a concussion, which involves a brain injury due to trauma, not a superficial wound.

B. A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head or trauma that causes the brain to twist or bounce inside the skull. This movement can lead to temporary neurological impairment.

C. Bleeding between the skull and brain (epidural hematoma or subdural hematoma) is associated with more severe traumatic brain injuries, not a concussion.

D. A ruptured artery leading to pooling of blood in the brain is more characteristic of an intracerebral hemorrhage or a severe head injury, not a concussion.

A. "We will avoid giving our child any dairy products during an exacerbation." B. "We will make sure our child eats plenty of fruits and vegetables during an exacerbation." C. "We will increase our child's intake of high-fiber foods, such as whole grains and legumes." D. "We will encourage our child to drink plenty of fluids, especially water."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "We will avoid giving our child any dairy products during an exacerbation." Avoiding dairy products during a Crohn's disease exacerbation is often recommended because many individuals with Crohn's disease are lactose intolerant, and dairy can exacerbate symptoms such as diarrhea.

B. "We will make sure our child eats plenty of fruits and vegetables during an exacerbation." During an exacerbation of Crohn's disease, a high-fiber diet (including many fruits and vegetables) can be problematic, as it may irritate the intestines and worsen symptoms. This statement indicates a need for further teaching.

C. "We will increase our child's intake of high-fiber foods, such as whole grains and legumes." High-fiber foods should generally be avoided during a Crohn's disease flare-up because they can be difficult to digest and may worsen symptoms. However, this advice might be appropriate during periods of remission.

D. "We will encourage our child to drink plenty of fluids, especially water." Hydration is important, particularly during exacerbations, when the risk of dehydration increases due to diarrhea. This is a correct statement.

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Which of the following accurately describe the differences between vaso-occlusive crisis, sequestration crisis, and aplastic crisis in sickle cell anemia? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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