At what age is it generally recommended to perform palatoplasty for a child with a cleft palate?

2-3 months

18-24 months

6-12 months

4-5 years

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. 2-3 months is too early for palatoplasty, as the child’s palate and facial structures need time to develop. Surgical repair of the palate is typically done later, once the child is more developed.

B. 18-24 months is too late for the initial palatoplasty. Early intervention is preferred for speech development and other aspects of the child’s overall growth.

C. 6-12 months is the recommended age range for palatoplasty, as this is the time when the child’s palate has matured enough for surgery, and earlier intervention supports optimal outcomes for speech and facial development.

D. 4-5 years is too late for the first palatoplasty. However, additional surgeries or interventions may be needed during this age range as the child grows and their oral structures continue to develop.

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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Sickled red blood cells are flexible, making it easier for these cells to travel through small vessels is incorrect. Sickled red blood cells are rigid and inflexible, which makes it difficult for them to pass through small blood vessels, contributing to blockages and reduced oxygen delivery.

B. Sickled red blood cells are c-shaped and tend to stick together more easily is correct. Sickled red blood cells have an abnormal, crescent or "C" shape, and they stick together, which can cause clumping and block blood flow in small vessels, leading to pain and organ damage.

C. Sickled red blood cells have a long-life span. Therefore, they circulate in the blood longer than healthy cells is incorrect. Sickled red blood cells have a shortened life span (about 10-20 days) compared to normal red blood cells, which typically last 120 days, leading to a higher rate of cell destruction and anemia.

D. Sickled red blood cells are rigid, making it difficult for the cells to travel through smaller vessels is correct. The rigidity of sickled cells prevents them from easily moving through small blood vessels, causing occlusions, pain, and organ damage.

E. Sickled red blood cells have a short life span which decreases the number of red blood cells circulating in the blood is correct. Due to their short life span, sickled cells are destroyed more quickly, leading to anemia and reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood.

A. Chest X-ray B. Urinalysis C. Complete blood count (CBC) D. Bone marrow biopsy and aspiration

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Chest X-ray is not a definitive diagnostic test for leukemia. It is more commonly used to evaluate for signs of infection, lung abnormalities, or metastasis in cancer patients, but it does not confirm leukemia.

B. Urinalysis is not the definitive test for leukemia. While it may help assess kidney function or rule out other conditions, it is not used to diagnose leukemia.

C. Complete blood count (CBC) is useful for detecting abnormalities that may suggest leukemia, such as abnormal white blood cell counts, but it alone cannot definitively diagnose leukemia. It is typically part of the initial evaluation.

D. Bone marrow biopsy and aspiration is the definitive diagnostic test for leukemia. This test allows for direct examination of the bone marrow to confirm the presence of leukemia cells, making it the gold standard for diagnosis.

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At what age is it generally recommended to perform palatoplasty for a child with a cleft palate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing care to an infant newly diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. The infant's parents ask the nurse to describe what sickled red blood cells are and how they affect blood flow. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

What is considered the most definitive diagnostic test for leukemia?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

During an episode of status epilepticus of a hospitalized child, what is the priority intervention?

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