At what age is it generally recommended to perform palatoplasty for a child with a cleft palate?

2-3 months

18-24 months

6-12 months

4-5 years

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. 2-3 months is too early for palatoplasty, as the child’s palate and facial structures need time to develop. Surgical repair of the palate is typically done later, once the child is more developed.

B. 18-24 months is too late for the initial palatoplasty. Early intervention is preferred for speech development and other aspects of the child’s overall growth.

C. 6-12 months is the recommended age range for palatoplasty, as this is the time when the child’s palate has matured enough for surgery, and earlier intervention supports optimal outcomes for speech and facial development.

D. 4-5 years is too late for the first palatoplasty. However, additional surgeries or interventions may be needed during this age range as the child grows and their oral structures continue to develop.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Increased temperature, tachycardia, tachypnea is not consistent with Cushing's triad. These signs generally reflect an infection, fever, or a stress response, and are not indicative of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) or brain herniation.

B. Decreased temperature, bradycardia, bradypnea is incorrect. While bradycardia is a component of Cushing's triad, decreased temperature and bradypnea are not part of this syndrome. The signs of Cushing's triad typically include increased blood pressure, not decreased temperature.

C. Bradycardia, high blood pressure, irregular respirations is correct. These are the hallmark signs of Cushing's triad, which indicate a significant increase in intracranial pressure. Bradycardia occurs as a result of elevated pressure on the brainstem, high blood pressure develops as a compensatory mechanism to maintain perfusion, and irregular respirations reflect brainstem dysfunction.

D. Bradycardia, hypotension, tachypnea is incorrect. Hypotension is not part of Cushing's triad. Instead, high blood pressure is typically present in this condition due to the body's compensatory response to increased ICP.

A. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assessment B. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis C. RBC count D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assessment is used to assess the level of consciousness in patients with head trauma or neurological conditions, but it is not the diagnostic test for suspected meningitis.

B. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is the definitive test for diagnosing meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed to obtain a sample of CSF, which is then analyzed for signs of infection, such as increased white blood cells, proteins, and low glucose levels.

C. RBC count is useful for assessing anemia and other hematological conditions, but it is not specific to diagnosing meningitis.

D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to assess brain structure, but CSF analysis remains the primary diagnostic tool for confirming meningitis based on the clinical signs of fever, headache, stiff neck, and rash.

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At what age is it generally recommended to perform palatoplasty for a child with a cleft palate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is monitoring a 7-year-old child post-surgical resection of a supratentorial (cerebral) brain tumor. Which vital sign finding indicates Cushing's triad?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child who has increasing manifestations of fever, headache, stiff neck, and rash. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse expect the health care provider to order?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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