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Which of the following are common methods used for the induction of labor in obstetric practice? (Select All that Apply)

Epidural anesthesia.

Prostaglandin administration.

Bed rest.

Vitamin supplementation.

Fetal ultrasound.

Amniotomy.

Oxytocin administration.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,F,G

Choice B rationale

Prostaglandin administration, either vaginally or orally, helps to ripen the cervix by increasing collagenase activity and water content, leading to cervical softening, thinning (effacement), and dilation, which are necessary for labor to begin.

Choice F rationale

Amniotomy, or artificial rupture of membranes (AROM), involves the deliberate rupture of the amniotic sac. This can stimulate labor by releasing prostaglandins, increasing uterine contractility, and allowing the presenting part of the fetus to descend further into the pelvis, putting pressure on the cervix.

Choice G rationale

Oxytocin is a synthetic hormone that mimics the action of endogenous oxytocin, stimulating uterine contractions. It is commonly administered intravenously to initiate or augment labor once cervical ripening has occurred or the cervix is favorable.

Choice A rationale

Epidural anesthesia is a method of pain relief during labor, not a method for inducing labor. It provides regional analgesia by blocking nerve impulses in the lower body.

Choice C rationale

Bed rest is generally not recommended for labor induction and can even be counterproductive. Ambulation and positional changes can help to encourage fetal descent and uterine activity.

Choice D rationale

Vitamin supplementation is important for overall maternal and fetal health during pregnancy but does not directly stimulate uterine contractions or cervical changes necessary for labor induction.

Choice E rationale

Fetal ultrasound is used to assess fetal well-being, presentation, and amniotic fluid volume but does not initiate the process of labor induction. .

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Increasing ambulation is generally encouraged in the postpartum period to prevent complications like thrombophlebitis, but it does not address the potential cause of foul-smelling lochia. Foul odor is a key indicator of infection, and ambulation will not resolve an existing infection.

Choice B rationale

Increasing oral fluids is important for hydration in the postpartum period, but it will not directly address a foul-smelling odor in the lochia. While adequate hydration supports overall healing, it does not treat an infection. A foul odor strongly suggests a localized infectious process in the uterus.

Choice C rationale

Lochia that is red (rubra) is normal in the first few days postpartum. However, a foul-smelling odor is an abnormal finding and a significant indicator of a potential uterine infection, also known as endometritis or puerperal infection. Further assessment and intervention are required to identify and treat the infection.

Choice D rationale

Normal lochia progresses from rubra (red) to serosa (pinkish-brown) to alba (yellowish-white) over several weeks postpartum. Normal lochia should have a fleshy, not foul, odor. A foul smell is an abnormal finding that suggests an infectious process within the uterus and requires prompt attention.

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"A"}

Explanation

The complication that poses the greatest risk for the client is hemorrhage as evidenced by their amount of lochia.

Rationale for correct answers

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major concern when excessive lochia and a boggy uterus are present. The nurse’s assessment reveals a boggy fundus, which firmed with massage but then softened again, indicating uterine atony, a leading cause of PPH. Additionally, the saturation of the perineal pad with lochia rubra and small clots suggests ongoing bleeding that requires close monitoring.

Rationale for incorrect Response 1 options

Infection: No fever (≥38°C or 100.4°F) or foul-smelling lochia, which would indicate postpartum endometritis.
Thrombophlebitis: No calf pain, swelling, or localized tenderness suggesting deep vein thrombosis.
Mastitis: Breasts are soft, warm, and tender but without redness or localized pain, making mastitis unlikely.

Rationale for incorrect Response 2 options

Breast tenderness: Expected due to milk production, not indicative of infection or complications.
Calf pain: No evidence of thrombophlebitis or deep vein thrombosis.
Fever: Temperature is normal at 37.2°C, ruling out systemic infection.

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Which of the following are common methods used for the induction of labor in obstetric practice? (Select All that Apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing the lochia on a 1-day postpartum patient.The nurse notes that the lochia is red and has a foul-smelling odor.The nurse determines that this assessment finding:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"A"}

Explanation

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