Which of the following are part of the first line of defense against invaders: (select all that apply)
Neutrophils
Inflammation
Tears
Saliva
Correct Answer : C,D
A. Neutrophils are part of the second line of defense, not the first. They are white blood cells that respond to infection by phagocytosing pathogens after they have entered the body.
B. Inflammation is part of the second line of defense. It is an immune response that occurs after a pathogen has breached the body's barriers.
C. Tears are part of the first line of defense. They contain enzymes like lysozyme that help wash away and destroy pathogens on the surface of the eye.
D. Saliva is part of the first line of defense. It contains enzymes and antimicrobial substances that help neutralize and flush out pathogens from the mouth.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The appendix is an organ that contains lymphoid tissue and plays a role in immune function, but it does not specifically refer to macrophages and monocytes.
B. The reticuloendothelial system (also known as the mononuclear phagocyte system) consists of macrophages and monocytes found throughout the body. These cells are part of the immune system and are responsible for phagocytosis, or the engulfing and digesting of pathogens, dead cells, and debris.
C. Peyer's patches are clusters of lymphoid tissue found in the small intestine that monitor and respond to pathogens in the digestive tract.
D. Tonsils are lymphoid tissues located in the throat, playing a role in immune defense, but they are not part of the reticuloendothelial system.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Lymph nodes are secondary lymphoid organs where B and T cells can be activated, but they are not the cells themselves.
B. Tonsils are lymphoid tissues that help protect against pathogens, but they are not the cells themselves.
C. Lymphocytes are the correct answer. B cells and T cells are types of lymphocytes, which are white blood cells involved in the adaptive immune response.
D. Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells (specifically plasma cells) in response to pathogens, but they are not cells themselves.
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