Which of the following blood elements is involved in protecting the body from pathogens?
Electrolytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes
Erythrocytes
The Correct Answer is B
a: Electrolytes - Electrolytes are ions such as sodium, potassium, and chloride that play essential roles in various physiological processes but are not directly involved in protecting the body from pathogens.
b. Leukocytes: Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, are involved in the immune response and protect the body from pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
c: Thrombocytes - Thrombocytes, or platelets, are involved in blood clotting but not in protecting the body from pathogens.
d: Erythrocytes - Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, are primarily involved in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide and do not play a direct role in immune defense.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. The outer tissue layer consisting of renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules: This describes the renal cortex, not the renal pelvis.
b. The inner tissue layer consisting of the loop of Henle and collecting tubules: This describes the renal medulla, not the renal pelvis.
c. The expanded area of a renal tubule that encloses the glomerulus: This describes Bowman's capsule, not the renal pelvis.
d. The cavity where urine flows from the calyces to enter the ureters: Correct. The renal pelvis is the funnel-shaped cavity that collects urine from the calyces and channels it into the ureter.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Decrease in hydrogen ions: A decrease in hydrogen ions (H+) would indicate a condition of alkalosis, not acidosis.
b. Decrease in carbon dioxide: A decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) usually leads to respiratory alkalosis because CO2 is acidic in nature.
c. Decrease in ketones: Ketones are acidic compounds, and their decrease is not associated with acidosis. In fact, an increase in ketones can cause ketoacidosis.
d. Decrease in bicarbonate ions: Bicarbonate (HCO3-) is a base, and a decrease in its concentration can lead to metabolic acidosis, as it reduces the buffering capacity of the blood against excess H+.
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