Which of the following cations makes an important contribution to osmotic pressure?
Sodium
Magnesium
Calcium
Potassium
The Correct Answer is A
a. Sodium: Correct. Sodium (Na⁺) is the primary extracellular cation and plays a crucial role in maintaining osmotic pressure and fluid balance in the body.
b. Magnesium: Magnesium (Mg²⁺) is important for many cellular functions but is not a major contributor to osmotic pressure compared to sodium.
c. Calcium: Calcium (Ca²⁺) is vital for bone health and cellular processes but does not primarily influence osmotic pressure.
d. Potassium: Potassium (K⁺) is the main intracellular cation and affects cell function, but sodium has a more significant role in osmotic pressure regulation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Loop of Henle:After the glomerular filtrate passes through the proximal convoluted tubule, it enters the Loop of Henle. This component of the nephron is responsible for further concentrating the filtrate and plays a critical role in urine concentration.
B. Bowman's capsule:Bowman's capsule is where glomerular filtration begins. It collects the filtrate from the glomerulus, but it is not where filtrate goes after the proximal convoluted tubule.
C. Collecting duct:The collecting duct is the final segment of the nephron where urine is collected after it has passed through the Loop of Henle and distal convoluted tubule. It does not receive the filtrate directly from the proximal convoluted tubule.
D. Glomerulus:The glomerulus is a network of capillaries where filtration of blood occurs, producing glomerular filtrate. It is not a component that the filtrate enters after the proximal convoluted tubule.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Pulmonary: The pulmonary valve separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery, which carries blood to the lungs.
b. Atrioventricular: The heart has four chambers: two upper atria and two lower ventricles. The atrioventricular valves (AV valves), also known as tricuspid and mitral valves, separate the atria from the ventricles and prevent blood from flowing backward from the ventricles to the atria.
c. Semilunar: Semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary) are located at the base of the aorta and pulmonary artery, preventing blood from flowing back into the ventricles.
d. Aortic: The aortic valve separates the left ventricle from the aorta, the main artery carrying blood away from the heart to the body.
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