Which of the following conditions is most likely to lead to prenatal renal failure?

Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Hypovolemic shock

Congenital obstructive urethra

Glomerulonephritis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

a) Hemolytic uremic syndrome: This condition often follows gastrointestinal infection caused by certain E. coli strains, leading to kidney damage and renal failure, particularly in children.

b) Hypovolemic shock: While severe dehydration and shock can affect renal function, they are not direct causes of prenatal renal failure.

c) Congenital obstructive urethra: This condition occurs when the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body, is blocked or narrowed. This can prevent urine from draining properly and cause damage to the kidneys before birth.

d) Glomerulonephritis: It's a kidney inflammation condition but not typically associated with prenatal renal failure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

a) Attending late-night parties and dances might not be directly related to SLE unless it interferes with sleep and rest, which are important for managing the condition.

b) Sun exposure can trigger lupus flares, so activities involving prolonged sun exposure should be avoided or practiced with precautions like sunscreen and protective clothing.

c) Manicures and pedicures typically do not exacerbate SLE unless they involve harsh chemicals that might trigger skin reactions.

d) Daily hair shampoos, unless they contain harsh chemicals or irritants, may not directly exacerbate SLE symptoms.

A. Make her lie down and rest quietly B. Examine her oral pharynx and report to the physician C. Auscultate her lungs and prepare for placement in a warm mist tent D. Defer an oral assessment and be prepared to assist with a tracheostomy or intubation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a) Make her lie down and rest quietly: Inappropriate as the symptoms suggest potential airway obstruction.

b) Examine her oral pharynx and report to the physician: Important action, but immediate airway management is the priority.

c) Auscultate her lungs and prepare for placement in a warm mist tent: Less critical than ensuring an open airway.

d) Defer an oral assessment and be prepared to assist with a tracheostomy or intubation: The child's symptoms (stridor, agitation, drooling) indicate potential upper airway obstruction, and immediate readiness for airway intervention is essential.

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Which of the following conditions is most likely to lead to prenatal renal failure?

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