Which of the following is a characteristic of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?
Hypernatremia
Increased urine output
Decreased serum sodium levels
Increased serum osmolality
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hypernatremia is not characteristic of SIADH; hyponatremia is more common.
B. Increased urine output is not seen in SIADH; rather, there is decreased urine output.
C. Decreased serum sodium levels (hyponatremia) are a key feature of SIADH due to excessive water retention.
D. Increased serum osmolality is not seen in SIADH; decreased serum osmolality is more characteristic.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Dilute urine is a primary symptom of DI but not a neurologic effect.
B. Hypotension is a cardiovascular effect of DI due to excessive fluid loss.
C. Ataxia, or lack of muscle coordination, can occur due to severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances affecting the nervous system in DI.
D. Poor skin turgor indicates dehydration but is not a neurologic effect.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Purple striations are more commonly associated with Cushing's syndrome, not Addison's disease.
B. Intention tremors are not a characteristic of Addison's disease.
C. Hirsutism is associated with excessive androgen production, not Addison's disease.
D. Hyperpigmentation, especially in areas exposed to friction, is a classic sign of Addison's disease due to increased production of melanocyte-stimulating hormone along with adrenocorticotropic hormone.
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