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Which of the following is a key difference between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes?

Hemorrhagic strokes result in brain tissue death due to lack of blood flow, whereas ischemic strokes result from bleeding in the brain.

Hemorrhagic strokes are typically treated with clot-busting medications, while ischemic strokes are treated with surgery to repair the ruptured vessel.

Ischemic strokes are generally more common than hemorrhagic strokes.

Ischemic strokes are caused by a rupture of a blood vessel, while hemorrhagic strokes are caused by a blockage in a blood vessel.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A: "Hemorrhagic strokes result in brain tissue death due to lack of blood flow, whereas ischemic strokes result from bleeding in the brain." Ischemic strokes occur when a blood vessel becomes blocked, often due to a clot, preventing blood flow and leading to brain tissue damage from lack of oxygen. In contrast, hemorrhagic strokes involve bleeding into or around the brain, which increases pressure and can cause immediate brain injury.
B: "Hemorrhagic strokes are typically treated with clot-busting medications, while ischemic strokes are treated with surgery to repair the ruptured vessel." Ischemic strokes are often treated with thrombolytic agents, or clot-busting medications, aimed at dissolving the clot and restoring blood flow to the affected area of the brain. Hemorrhagic strokes, on the other hand, may require surgical interventions, such as clipping or coiling of aneurysms, or other measures to stop the bleeding and relieve pressure on the brain.
C: "Ischemic strokes are generally more common than hemorrhagic strokes." Ischemic strokes account for approximately 87% of all strokes, making them significantly more prevalent compared to hemorrhagic strokes. The higher incidence can be attributed to factors such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes, which increase the risk of clots forming in the arteries supplying the brain.
D: "Ischemic strokes are caused by a rupture of a blood vessel, while hemorrhagic strokes are caused by a blockage in a blood vessel." Ischemic strokes result from a blockage in a blood vessel, typically due to a clot, which disrupts blood flow to the brain. Hemorrhagic strokes arise from the rupture of a blood vessel, leading to bleeding in or around the brain.

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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Massage the calves every shift. Massaging the calves is contraindicated in clients at risk for pulmonary embolism (PE) because it can dislodge a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and cause an embolism. Instead of massage, gentle movement and circulation-promoting interventions should be used.
B. Place pillows under the client's knees when in bed. Elevating the knees with pillows can impair circulation and increase the risk of venous stasis, leading to DVT formation. A better alternative is to keep the legs elevated slightly without knee flexion to promote venous return.
C. Perform passive range of motion exercises. Passive range of motion (ROM) exercises promote circulation and help prevent venous stasis, reducing the risk of DVT formation. Clients with quadriplegia are at high risk for immobility-related complications, including clots and muscle atrophy, making ROM exercises an essential intervention.
D. Apply elastic compression stockings. Compression stockings help prevent blood pooling in the lower extremities, reducing the risk of DVT and pulmonary embolism. They work by promoting venous return and preventing clot formation, making them a key preventative measure for immobile clients.
E. Assess legs for redness. Redness, swelling, and warmth in the legs can indicate the presence of a DVT, which can lead to PE. Early detection allows for prompt intervention with anticoagulation therapy, reducing the risk of embolism. Regular assessments are critical in clients with limited mobility.

A. Give the ordered PRN acetaminophen (Tylenol). B. Start the prescribed PRN 02 at 6 L/min C. Put a moist hot pack on the patient's neck. D. Notify the patient's health care provider immediately.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A: "Give the ordered PRN acetaminophen (Tylenol)." Acetaminophen is generally not effective for treating cluster headaches, as these headaches are characterized by severe pain that does not respond well to over-the-counter pain medications. Therefore, administering acetaminophen would not address the immediate need for relief.
B: "Start the prescribed PRN O2 at 6 L/min." Administering oxygen at 6 L/min is a recognized and effective treatment for cluster headaches. Inhaling oxygen can help alleviate the headache by causing vasoconstriction of the dilated cerebral vessels and improving oxygen supply to the brain. This intervention should be prioritized to provide the patient with prompt relief from the acute headache.
C: "Put a moist hot pack on the patient's neck." While applying heat can provide comfort for some types of headaches, it is not effective for cluster headaches. These headaches are often exacerbated by heat and require different management strategies.
D: "Notify the patient's health care provider immediately." Although it may be necessary to inform the healthcare provider about the patient's condition, immediate relief for the cluster headache should take precedence. The nurse can initiate the oxygen therapy first to address the patient's acute pain before considering further interventions or notifications.

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Which of the following is a key difference between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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