Which of the following is of primary importance for a child who is admitted to the PICU for DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis)?
Ensure IV fluid replacement is a hypertonic solution.
Assess for cardiac arrest related to high potassium levels.
Monitor the child's vital signs for hypertension.
Administer intravenous NPH insulin in high doses.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: IV fluid replacement in DKA is typically isotonic, not hypertonic, to avoid rapid changes in osmolality.
Choice B reason: While monitoring for cardiac arrest is important, it is not the primary intervention; DKA often presents with low potassium levels that rise with treatment.
Choice C reason: Monitoring for hypertension is important, but the primary concern in DKA is managing the acidosis and hyperglycemia.
Choice D reason: This is the correct choice. Administering insulin is a key component of treating DKA to reduce blood glucose levels and reverse ketosis. NPH insulin is not typically used in the initial management of DKA; rapid-acting insulin is preferred. However, if NPH is mentioned in the context provided, it would be important to clarify the treatment protocol.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Infrequent diaper changes can contribute to diaper rash, but the presence of satellite lesions suggests a yeast infection rather than a simple irritant rash.
Choice B reason: Impetigo, caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria, typically presents with honey-colored crusts and is not usually associated with satellite lesions.
Choice C reason: The description of bright red scaly plaques and satellite lesions is characteristic of a yeast infection, specifically caused by Candida albicans.
Choice D reason: While urine and feces can irritate the skin and cause diaper rash, the specific clinical findings mentioned point more towards a yeast infection.
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Administering oxygen helps increase the oxygen saturation during a 'tet' spell.
Choice B reason: The Trendelenburg position is not recommended for 'tet' spells as it does not help alleviate the hypercyanotic episode.
Choice C reason: While important for overall assessment, drawing blood for serum hemoglobin is not an immediate intervention during a 'tet' spell.
Choice D reason: Placing the infant in a knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance, which can help improve oxygenation.
Choice E reason: Administering morphine is appropriate as it helps to relax the infant, reducing the work of breathing and improving oxygenation.
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