Which of the following is the first response in the process of hemostasis?
Blood clot formation
Platelet aggregation
Activation of prothrombin
Constriction of smooth muscle in blood vessels
The Correct Answer is D
a. Blood clot formation: This is one of the later stages of hemostasis, involving the formation of a fibrin clot to seal the wound.
b. Platelet aggregation: This occurs after the initial vasoconstriction and is part of the platelet plug formation phase.
c. Activation of prothrombin: This occurs in the coagulation phase where prothrombin is converted to thrombin, leading to the formation of a fibrin clot.
d. Constriction of smooth muscle in blood vessels: This is the first response, known as vascular spasm or vasoconstriction, which reduces blood flow to the area and minimizes blood loss.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Insulin and glucagon: These hormones have opposite effects on blood glucose levels; insulin decreases blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake, while glucagon increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis.
b. Ghrelin and gastrin: Ghrelin stimulates appetite, and gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion, but they do not directly oppose each other.
c. Calcitonin and melatonin: Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels, while melatonin regulates sleep-wake cycles; they do not act as antagonists.
d. Androsterone and estradiol: These are sex hormones with different roles but are not direct antagonists; they do not have opposing effects in the body.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
a: Adrenal cortex and calcitonin hormone - Calcitonin is primarily secreted by the thyroid gland, not the adrenal cortex.
b: Hypothalamus and prolactin hormone - Prolactin is primarily secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, not the hypothalamus.
c. Anterior pituitary and growth hormone -The anterior pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which regulates growth, metabolism, and development.
d: Thyroid and thyroid-stimulating hormone - Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, not the thyroid gland directly.
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