Which of the following is the term for a reversible syndrome that results in decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and oliguria?
Acute renal injury (ARI).
Chronic renal injury (CRI).
End-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN).
The Correct Answer is A
Acute renal injury (ARI) is a term for a reversible syndrome that results in decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and oliguria. GFR is a measure of how well the kidneys filter blood and oliguria is a condition of producing less than normal amounts of urine.
Choice B is wrong because chronic renal injury (CRI) is not a reversible syndrome, but a progressive loss of kidney function over months or years.
Choice C is wrong because end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is not a reversible syndrome, but a condition where the kidneys have lost most or all of their function and dialysis or transplantation is required.
Choice D is wrong because acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is not a term for a syndrome, but a specific type of acute kidney injury that involves damage to the tubules, the part of the nephron that reabsorbs water and solutes from the filtrate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This is because urinary catheters are a common source of catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), which can lead to complications such as pyelonephritis, sepsis, and renal failure. Therefore, the nurse should remove the catheter as soon as possible to reduce the risk of infection and promote normal urinary function.
Choice B is wrong because ensuring that the catheter is properly secured to prevent accidental dislodgement is not a priority intervention for a patient with a urinary catheter.
While this is an important nursing action to prevent trauma and bleeding, it does not address the main complication of catheterization, which is infection.
Choice C is wrong because encouraging the patient to drink fluids to prevent dehydration is not a priority intervention for a patient with a urinary catheter.
While this is a good nursing practice to maintain hydration and renal perfusion, it does not affect the risk of infection associated with catheterization.
Choice D is wrong because administering antibiotics to prevent infection is not a priority intervention for a patient with a urinary catheter.
While this may be indicated for some patients who have signs and symptoms of UTI or who are at high risk of infection, it is not a routine measure for all patients with catheters and may contribute to antibiotic resistance.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Dysuria, which means pain or a burning sensation when peeing, is a common symptom of urinary tract infection (UTI).
UTIs are caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract through the urethra and spreading to the bladder or kidneys.
Choice A is wrong because nausea is not a specific symptom of UTI, although it may occur if the infection spreads to the kidneys.
Choice B is wrong because diarrhea is not a symptom of UTI, but rather a condition that affects the digestive system.
Choice D is wrong because constipation is also not a symptom of UTI, but a problem with bowel movements.
Normal ranges for urine tests vary depending on the type of test and the laboratory that performs it.
However, some general ranges are:
Specific gravity: 1.005 to 1.030
pH: 4.6 to 8.0
Protein: less than 150 mg/dL Glucose: less than 130 mg/dL Ketones: none
Blood: none Nitrites: none
Leukocyte esterase: none Bacteria: none or few
White blood cells: less than 5 per high-power field Red blood cells: less than 3 per high-power field Epithelial cells: few
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