Which of the following is true regarding normal quiet expiration of air?
It depends on the complete lack of surface tension on the alveolar wall.
It is driven by increased blood CO2 levels.
It is a passive process that depends on the relaxation of inspiratory muscles.
It requires contraction of abdominal wall muscles.
The Correct Answer is C
A. It depends on the complete lack of surface tension on the alveolar wall: Alveoli have surface tension; pulmonary surfactant reduces surface tension but does not eliminate it. Quiet expiration does not require an absence of surface tension.
B. It is driven by increased blood CO₂ levels: Elevated CO₂ increases the drive to breathe (affects ventilation rate), but quiet expiration itself is not actively driven by CO₂ -it is passive.
C. It is a passive process that depends on the relaxation of inspiratory muscles: Quiet expiration occurs when the diaphragm and external intercostals relax and elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall returns air to atmosphere.
D. It requires contraction of abdominal wall muscles: Abdominal muscle contraction is used for forced expiration (e.g., coughing or heavy exercise), not normal quiet expiration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
A. Protects against heart disease: Estrogen has several effects on the cardiovascular system (improving lipid profile and vascular function) that are thought to reduce cardiovascular risk prior to menopause.
B. Helps regulate the menstrual cycle: Estrogen is a key ovarian hormone that helps regulate the growth of the endometrium and the timing of the menstrual cycle .
C. Promotes bone growth: Estrogen is essential for bone homeostasis, inhibiting bone resorption and helping maintain bone density .
D. Increases testosterone production: Estrogen does not increase testosterone production; testosterone is produced by Leydig cells in males (and ovaries/adrenals in females) and is not a primary product increased by estrogen .
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Corona radiata: The corona radiata is a layer of follicular (granulosa) cells that surround the oocyte -not scar tissue from a regressed corpus luteum.
B. Zona pellucida: The zona pellucida is a glycoprotein layer surrounding the oocyte important for fertilization, not scar tissue.
C. Internal os: The internal os is the internal opening of the cervix into the uterus, unrelated to the corpus luteum.
D. Corpus albicans: The corpus albicans is the fibrous scar tissue that the corpus luteum becomes if fertilization does not occur .
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