Which of the following patients is most at risk for liver damage after taking acetaminophen regularly for arthritis pain?
Patient with a history of alcohol abuse and hepatitis C
Patient with COPD and a 20 pack-year history of smoking
Patient with type 2 diabetes and end-stage renal disease
Patient with prostate enlargement and urinary frequency
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Alcohol and hepatitis C impair liver function; acetaminophen’s metabolite NAPQI accumulates, causing hepatotoxicity in an already compromised organ.
Choice B reason: COPD and smoking affect lungs, not liver; acetaminophen metabolism is minimally impacted, posing lower hepatic risk compared to liver disease states.
Choice C reason: Renal disease affects drug excretion, not liver metabolism; acetaminophen’s hepatic load is unchanged, making liver damage less likely here.
Choice D reason: Prostate issues involve urinary tract; liver metabolism of acetaminophen remains intact, with no heightened risk of hepatotoxicity from this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Allergic reactions are adverse drug effects, not necessarily medication errors. Documentation of allergies before administration prevents such events.
Choice B reason: Administering a double dose results directly from improper preparation, constituting a clear medication error requiring immediate reporting and corrective action.
Choice C reason: Patient refusal is not a medication error but a decision. Nurses must document refusals and provide education on medication importance.
Choice D reason: Persistent pain indicates ineffective medication, which is an issue of treatment efficacy, not an error in administration.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Therapeutic effects define expected outcomes; knowing these (e.g., pain relief) lets the nurse assess if the drug meets its clinical goal effectively.
Choice B reason: Chemical composition informs structure, not outcome; it’s irrelevant to evaluating if the drug achieves its intended physiological effect directly.
Choice C reason: Mechanism explains how drugs work; it’s useful but secondary to knowing the actual therapeutic result needed for outcome assessment.
Choice D reason: Side effects monitor safety, not efficacy; they don’t directly measure if the drug achieves its primary therapeutic purpose as intended.
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