The physician gives orders to infuse 1 unit (250 mL) of packed red blood cells over 4 hours. Calculate the flow rate in milliliters per hour.

62.5 mL/hr

125 mL/hr

250 mL/hr

500 mL/hr

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Flow rate is volume divided by time; 250 mL over 4 hours equals 62.5 mL/hr, ensuring safe transfusion pacing to avoid fluid overload or hemolysis.

Choice B reason: 125 mL/hr assumes 250 mL over 2 hours; this doubles the ordered rate, risking circulatory overload and transfusion reactions in a standard protocol.

Choice C reason: 250 mL/hr infuses the unit in 1 hour; this rapid rate exceeds safe limits, potentially causing hypertension or pulmonary edema in vulnerable patients.

Choice D reason: 500 mL/hr is far too fast, implying 250 mL in 30 minutes; this dangerous speed could trigger severe hemolytic reactions or cardiovascular collapse.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Juice may alter absorption; liquid can dilute or degrade some drugs, and taste may deter intake, reducing effectiveness compared to soft food.

Choice B reason: Applesauce masks taste and aids swallowing; it ensures crushed medication is consumed fully, maintaining dose integrity without altering pharmacokinetics significantly.

Choice C reason: Water may not mask bitterness; some drugs dissolve poorly or lose potency, and patients may not finish it, risking incomplete dosing.

Choice D reason: Meat or vegetables may bind drugs; uneven distribution or strong flavors could reduce intake, compromising the full therapeutic dose delivery.

A. The patient does not have enough body fat to give the medication subcutaneously. B. Intramuscular injections require smaller needles than subcutaneous injections. C. The medication will be absorbed and begin to work more quickly when given IM. D. Intramuscular injections are preferred for patients with a high risk of bleeding.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Body fat levels influence subcutaneous absorption but are not the primary reason for choosing IM over SC injection in this scenario.

Choice B reason: Needle size varies by medication and patient factors, but this is not the defining reason for selecting IM over SC injection.

Choice C reason: IM injections deliver medication directly to muscle tissue with a rich vascular supply, ensuring faster absorption and onset compared to subcutaneous administration.

Choice D reason: IM injections are not inherently safer for patients at risk of bleeding; they carry similar risks and require proper assessment before administration.

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The physician gives orders to infuse 1 unit (250 mL) of packed red blood cells over 4 hours. Calculate the flow rate in milliliters per hour.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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