Which of the following physiological changes in blood chemistry is an indication of acidosis?
Decrease in hydrogen ions
Decrease in carbon dioxide
Decrease in ketones
Decrease in bicarbonate ions
The Correct Answer is D
a. Decrease in hydrogen ions: A decrease in hydrogen ions (H+) would indicate a condition of alkalosis, not acidosis.
b. Decrease in carbon dioxide: A decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) usually leads to respiratory alkalosis because CO2 is acidic in nature.
c. Decrease in ketones: Ketones are acidic compounds, and their decrease is not associated with acidosis. In fact, an increase in ketones can cause ketoacidosis.
d. Decrease in bicarbonate ions: Bicarbonate (HCO3-) is a base, and a decrease in its concentration can lead to metabolic acidosis, as it reduces the buffering capacity of the blood against excess H+.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Sebaceous: Sebaceous glands are located near hair follicles and produce sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the hair and skin, preventing dryness and keeping it supple.
b. Eccrine: Eccrine glands are sweat glands located throughout the skin and help regulate body temperature through sweating.
c. Ceruminous: Ceruminous glands are located in the ear canal and produce cerumen (earwax) which protects the inner ear from dust, debris, and insects.
d. Apocrine: Apocrine glands are sweat glands located in areas like the armpits and groin. They produce a thicker sweat that takes on an odor when broken down by bacteria.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Pyloric sphincter: This sphincter regulates the passage of chyme from the stomach into the duodenum.
b. Lower esophageal sphincter: This sphincter prevents the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus.
c. Ileocecal sphincter: This controls the flow of material from the ileum of the small intestine into the cecum of the large intestine.
d. Internal anal sphincter: This sphincter controls the release of feces from the rectum but is not involved in the release of chyme
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