Which of the following physiological responses occurs in response to a decrease in blood pressure?
Decrease in sodium reabsorption
Dilation of the afferent arteriole
Constriction of the efferent arteriole
Release of renin
The Correct Answer is D
a. Decrease in sodium reabsorption: This would lead to further lowering of blood pressure, which is not a compensatory response.
b. Dilation of the afferent arteriole: This typically increases glomerular filtration rate but is not a primary response to decreased blood pressure.
c. Constriction of the efferent arteriole: This response helps to increase glomerular pressure but is secondary to other mechanisms.
d. Release of renin: Renin is released by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure, initiating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to increase blood pressure by conserving sodium and water and constricting blood vessels.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
a. Reabsorption: Reabsorption is the process by which the kidneys reabsorb water and other needed solutes from the filtrate back into the bloodstream.
b. Incontinence: Incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine.
c. Micturition: Micturition is the voluntary process of emptying the urinary bladder. Urine is produced by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and released through the urethra when the bladder muscles contract and the sphincter relaxes.
d. Filtration: Filtration is the process by which the kidneys remove waste products and excess water from the blood to form urine
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Parathyroid: Parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels in the blood, not testosterone.
b. Posterior pituitary: The posterior pituitary gland stores and releases hormones produced in the hypothalamus, not testosterone.
c. Thyroid: The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones, not testosterone.
d. Anterior pituitary: The anterior pituitary gland produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the testes to produce testosterone in males.
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