Which of the following is the number of vertebrae in each section of the vertebral column?
Cervical: 7: Thoracic: 14: Lumbar: 6
Cervical: 7: Thoracic: 12: Lumber: 5
Cervical: & Thoracic: 12: Lumbar: 5: Sacral 3
Cervical: & Thoracic: 14: Lumbar: sacral: 4
The Correct Answer is B
a: Cervical: 7, Thoracic: 14, Lumbar: 6 - This count for the thoracic vertebrae is incorrect; there are typically 12 thoracic vertebrae.
b. Cervical: 7, Thoracic: 12, Lumbar: 5-The vertebral column consists of cervical (neck), thoracic (upper back), lumbar (lower back), sacral, and coccygeal regions. The cervical region has 7 vertebrae, the thoracic region has 12, and the lumbar region has 5.
c: Cervical: & Thoracic: 12, Lumbar: 5, Sacral: 3 - This count for the cervical vertebrae is incorrect; there are typically 7 cervical vertebrae.
d: Cervical: & Thoracic: 14, Lumbar: Sacral: 4 - The counts for cervical and lumbar vertebrae are incorrect; there are typically 7 cervical vertebrae and 5 lumbar vertebrae.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Pulmonary: The pulmonary valve separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery, which carries blood to the lungs.
b. Atrioventricular: The heart has four chambers: two upper atria and two lower ventricles. The atrioventricular valves (AV valves), also known as tricuspid and mitral valves, separate the atria from the ventricles and prevent blood from flowing backward from the ventricles to the atria.
c. Semilunar: Semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary) are located at the base of the aorta and pulmonary artery, preventing blood from flowing back into the ventricles.
d. Aortic: The aortic valve separates the left ventricle from the aorta, the main artery carrying blood away from the heart to the body.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Insulin and glucagon: These hormones have opposite effects on blood glucose levels; insulin decreases blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake, while glucagon increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis.
b. Ghrelin and gastrin: Ghrelin stimulates appetite, and gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion, but they do not directly oppose each other.
c. Calcitonin and melatonin: Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels, while melatonin regulates sleep-wake cycles; they do not act as antagonists.
d. Androsterone and estradiol: These are sex hormones with different roles but are not direct antagonists; they do not have opposing effects in the body.
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