Which of the following routes is affected by the first-pass effect?

Oral (PO)

Intravenous (IV)

Intramuscular (M)

Subcutaneous (SC)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   The first-pass effect refers to the metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches systemic circulation. This primarily affects oral medications, as they are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and first pass through the liver.
B.   Intravenous (IV) drugs bypass the first-pass effect as they are directly introduced into the bloodstream.
C.   Intramuscular (IM) and D. Subcutaneous (SC) routes also bypass the first-pass effect since the drug enters the bloodstream without passing through the liver initially.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This is incorrect. Raloxifene is not classified as Category A. It is not recommended during pregnancy.
B. Raloxifene is not classified as Category B. It poses risks to the fetus.
C. This is incorrect. Raloxifene is classified as Category X due to its potential harm to a developing fetus. D to potential harm to the fetus.

A. an allergic reaction. B. a synergistic effect. C. an antagonistic effect. D. None of the above

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. An allergic reaction: An allergic reaction is an immune response, not the reduction of drug effect.
B. A synergistic effect: A synergistic effect occurs when two drugs enhance each other's effects.
C. An antagonistic effect: An antagonistic effect occurs when one drug reduces or counteracts the effect of another drug.
D. None of the above: The correct term is "antagonistic effect."

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Which of the following routes is affected by the first-pass effect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing an in-service on raloxifene (Evista) to a group of female clients. What is the pregnancy risk category of raloxifene (Evista)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is educating a client about taking a tetracycline along with an antacid. The nurse explains to the client not to take these two medications because the antacid can reduce the absorption of the tetracycline. When one drug reduces the effect of another, it is:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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