Which of the following routes is affected by the first-pass effect?

Oral (PO)

Intravenous (IV)

Intramuscular (M)

Subcutaneous (SC)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   The first-pass effect refers to the metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches systemic circulation. This primarily affects oral medications, as they are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and first pass through the liver.
B.   Intravenous (IV) drugs bypass the first-pass effect as they are directly introduced into the bloodstream.
C.   Intramuscular (IM) and D. Subcutaneous (SC) routes also bypass the first-pass effect since the drug enters the bloodstream without passing through the liver initially.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. BUN is a waste product of protein metabolism that is excreted by the kidneys. Elevated BUN levels can indicate impaired kidney function or kidney dysfunction. Since kidney dysfunction can affect the elimination of waste products, monitoring BUN is essential to assess the kidney's ability to filter and excrete waste.
B. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is filtered out by the kidneys. It is one of the most reliable indicators of kidney function. When kidney function is impaired, creatinine levels rise in the blood because the kidneys are unable to excrete it efficiently.
C. Lipid panel: This is unrelated to the metabolism of medications.
D. Blood glucose: Blood glucose levels are important for diabetes management but are not directly impacted by kidney dysfunction in relation to medication response.

A. Oral (PC) B. Intravenous (IV) C. Intramuscular (IM) D. Subcutaneous (SC)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Oral (PC): Naloxone undergoes rapid first-pass metabolism when taken orally, making it ineffective via this route.
B. Intravenous (IV): This is an effective route for naloxone administration.
C. Intramuscular (IM): This is also an effective route for naloxone administration.
D. Subcutaneous (SC): Naloxone can also be administered subcutaneously.

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Which of the following routes is affected by the first-pass effect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a patient with kidney dysfunction. The nurse understands that kidney dysfunction can lead to an increase in the duration and intensity of a medication's response. Which lab tests should the nurse monitor? Select all that apply

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer naloxone (Narcan). The nurse understands that this medication has a rapid first-pass inactivation. The nurse understands that naloxone (Narcan) be administered in all of the following routes EXCEPT for:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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