A nurse is caring for a patient with kidney dysfunction. The nurse understands that kidney dysfunction can lead to an increase in the duration and intensity of a medication's response. Which lab tests should the nurse monitor? Select all that apply

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Creatinine

Lipid panel

Blood glucose

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B

A.   BUN is a waste product of protein metabolism that is excreted by the kidneys. Elevated BUN levels can indicate impaired kidney function or kidney dysfunction. Since kidney dysfunction can affect the elimination of waste products, monitoring BUN is essential to assess the kidney's ability to filter and excrete waste.
B.   Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is filtered out by the kidneys. It is one of the most reliable indicators of kidney function. When kidney function is impaired, creatinine levels rise in the blood because the kidneys are unable to excrete it efficiently.
C.   Lipid panel: This is unrelated to the metabolism of medications.
D.   Blood glucose: Blood glucose levels are important for diabetes management but are not directly impacted by kidney dysfunction in relation to medication response.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The first-pass effect refers to the metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches systemic circulation. This primarily affects oral medications, as they are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and first pass through the liver.
B. Intravenous (IV) drugs bypass the first-pass effect as they are directly introduced into the bloodstream.
C. Intramuscular (IM) and D. Subcutaneous (SC) routes also bypass the first-pass effect since the drug enters the bloodstream without passing through the liver initially.

A. Pregnancy Risk Category A B. Pregnancy Risk Category B C. Pregnancy Risk Category C D. Pregnancy Risk Category D

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This is incorrect. Raloxifene is not classified as Category A. It is not recommended during pregnancy.
B. Raloxifene is not classified as Category B. It poses risks to the fetus.
C. This is incorrect. Raloxifene is classified as Category X due to its potential harm to a developing fetus. D to potential harm to the fetus.

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A nurse is caring for a patient with kidney dysfunction. The nurse understands that kidney dysfunction can lead to an increase in the duration and intensity of a medication's response. Which lab tests should the nurse monitor? Select all that apply

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following routes is affected by the first-pass effect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing an in-service on raloxifene (Evista) to a group of female clients. What is the pregnancy risk category of raloxifene (Evista)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a patient that is prescribed with a controlled substance. Which of the following statements accurately describes controlled substances?

Which of the following medications are parenteral anti-diabetic medications used to treat clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus that are administered via the subcutaneous route? (Select All That Apply.).

You are caring for a new client that got admitted to the unit for abdominal pain. The client takes levothyroxine (Synthroid) at home. The nurse understands that the client is taking levothyroxine (Synthroid) to treat which of the following conditions?

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed with cimetidine (Tagamet HB). The nurse understands that complications of cimetidine (Tagamel HB) include: (Select All That Apply.).

The nurse teaches a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about pursed-lip breathing (PLB). Which action by the patient would indicate to the nurse that no further teaching is needed?

A client presents to the clinic with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and wants to know more information on metformin. Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding metformin (Glucophage)? (Select All That Apply.).

A nurse administered ondansetron (Zofran) IV to a client 30 minutes ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a complication of this medication?