Which of the following signs are commonly associated with fluid volume deficit (hypovolemia)? (Select All that Apply.)

Orthostatic hypotension

Bradycardia

Decreased skin turgor

Weight gain

Pulmonary edema

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C

A. Orthostatic hypotension is a common sign of hypovolemia, as the lack of fluid volume can lead to a drop in blood pressure when changing positions.
B. Bradycardia is not typically associated with fluid volume deficit; tachycardia is more common as the body tries to compensate for low blood volume.
C. Decreased skin turgor is a classic sign of dehydration and fluid volume deficit, indicating reduced skin elasticity.
D. Weight gain is associated with fluid volume overload, not deficit.
E. Pulmonary edema is related to fluid volume overload or congestive heart failure, not hypovolemia.

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Correct Answer is A,B,C,D,E,F

Explanation

1. Assessing the client's airway is the priority to determine if there is any obstruction or compromise due to swelling.

2. Calling the emergency response team ensures that additional medical help is on the way if the situation worsens.

3. Applying high-flow oxygen is critical to address potential hypoxia from airway swelling.

4. Initiating IV access is necessary for administering medications.

5. Administering IV epinephrine is essential to counteract severe allergic reactions, such as angioedema.

6. Administering IV antihistamines can help alleviate symptoms but is secondary to the immediate interventions for airway management and epinephrine administration.

A. Cardiac tamponade B. Third spacing C. Ruptured aneurysm D. Cardiomyopathy

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Cardiac tamponade is a condition where fluid accumulates in the pericardial space, exerting pressure on the heart and impeding its ability to pump effectively, leading to obstructive shock.
B. Third spacing refers to fluid accumulation in the interstitial spaces but is not a specific diagnosis of obstructive shock.
C. A ruptured aneurysm may lead to hypovolemic shock due to blood loss rather than obstructive shock, which is characterized by physical obstruction to blood flow.
D. Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that affects its ability to pump blood, leading to cardiogenic shock, not obstructive shock.

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Which of the following signs are commonly associated with fluid volume deficit (hypovolemia)? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client after administering a dose of losartan. The client has a hoarse voice, and swollen lips and tongue. In which order should the nurse take the following actions?

Correct Answer is A,B,C,D,E,F

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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