Which of the following statements about drug metabolism in pharmacokinetics is correct?
Drugs with strong first-pass metabolism are best administered via an enteral route
Metabolism alters medications so that they can be excreted from the body
The first-pass effect increases the bioavailability of orally administered drugs
Metabolism primarily occurs in the kidneys
The Correct Answer is B
A. Drugs with strong first-pass metabolism are best administered via an enteral route: Drugs that undergo extensive first-pass metabolism are often less effective when given enterally, as much of the drug is inactivated by the liver before reaching systemic circulation. Non-enteral routes (e.g., sublingual, IV) are preferred to bypass the liver initially.
B. Metabolism alters medications so that they can be excreted from the body: The liver uses enzymatic processes to convert drugs into more water-soluble forms, facilitating their elimination through the kidneys or bile. This process can either activate, inactivate, or detoxify substances depending on the drug.
C. The first-pass effect increases the bioavailability of orally administered drugs: The first-pass effect reduces, not increases, the bioavailability of orally administered drugs. It refers to the initial metabolism in the liver that significantly reduces the active concentration of a drug before it reaches systemic circulation.
D. Metabolism primarily occurs in the kidneys: While the kidneys are essential for drug excretion, metabolism primarily occurs in the liver. Hepatic enzymes, especially those of the cytochrome P-450 system, play the central role in drug biotransformation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Take Cholestyramine with other medications to improve absorption: Cholestyramine binds bile acids in the intestine but can also bind and interfere with the absorption of other oral medications. Taking it with other drugs reduces their effectiveness and is not recommended.
B. Take the powder for oral suspension in dry form: Cholestyramine powder should never be taken dry as it can irritate the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract. It should always be mixed with water or a non-carbonated beverage before ingestion to prevent choking or esophageal irritation.
C. Take after meals: While taking it after meals can enhance its bile acid-binding effect, this alone does not prevent drug interactions. Timing with other medications is the more critical issue to address when instructing patients.
D. Take other medications at least 1 hour before or 4 hours after taking Cholestyramine: This instruction is essential to avoid interference with the absorption of other oral medications. Cholestyramine can bind many drugs, so proper spacing is required to ensure therapeutic efficacy of concurrent medications.
Correct Answer is ["500"]
Explanation
Answer: 500 mcg.
Calculation:
Given quantity = 0.5 mg
Desired unit = mcg (micrograms)
To convert from mg to mcg
1 mg = 1000 mcg
0.5 mg × 1000 mcg/mg
= 500 mcg
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.