Which of the following types of anemia is characterized by excessive destruction of erythrocytes?
Pernicious
Aplastic
Immunohemolytic
Iron-deficiency
The Correct Answer is C
A. Pernicious anemia is caused by vitamin B12 deficiency due to impaired absorption, not excessive destruction of erythrocytes.
B. Aplastic anemia results from the bone marrow's inability to produce enough blood cells, leading to a deficiency of all blood cell types, rather than the destruction of erythrocytes.
C. Immunohemolytic anemia is characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking and destroying the body's own erythrocytes, leading to excessive destruction of red blood cells.
D. Iron-deficiency anemia is caused by insufficient iron to produce hemoglobin, resulting in low red blood cell production, but not excessive destruction of erythrocytes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Peristalsis, the wave-like contraction of the digestive tract, is typically decreased during sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system tends to slow digestive processes as the body prioritizes "fight-or-flight" responses.
B. Bladder tone is typically decreased by sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system causes relaxation of the bladder, inhibiting urination during stressful situations.
C. Heart rate increases with sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for action by increasing heart rate, enhancing blood flow to muscles, and increasing energy levels.
D. Saliva production decreases with sympathetic stimulation. The body reduces non-essential functions such as salivation during stress, focusing energy on immediate survival functions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The tricuspid valve has three leaflets and is located between the right atrium and right ventricle. It closes during ventricular contraction (systole) but does not have two leaflets.
B. The pulmonic valve has three leaflets and controls blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. It is closed during the systolic phase but is not the correct answer for having two leaflets.
C. The aortic valve has three leaflets and controls blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta. It also closes during systole, but it does not have two leaflets.
D. The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, has two leaflets and is located between the left atrium and left ventricle. It closes during systole to prevent backflow of blood into the left atrium.
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