Which of the following describes the effect of air entering the pleural space?
Increases the vital capacity
Increases the residual capacity
Compresses the chest wall, causing the lung on the affected side to collapse
Compresses the lung, causing the lung on the affected side to collapse
The Correct Answer is D
A. Air entering the pleural space (such as in a pneumothorax) does not increase the vital capacity; rather, it reduces lung expansion and can decrease lung volumes.
B. Air in the pleural space does not increase the residual capacity. It may interfere with the normal functioning of the lungs and reduce the effective air exchange.
C. The pleural space is between the lung and the chest wall. When air enters this space (pneumothorax), it causes the lung on the affected side to collapse due to loss of the negative pressure that holds the lung expanded. It does not compress the chest wall.
D. When air enters the pleural space, it causes the lung on the affected side to collapse, as the air disrupts the negative pressure in the pleural cavity that keeps the lungs inflated. This results in a condition known as pneumothorax.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The spleen is a key component of the lymphatic system. It filters blood, removes old or damaged blood cells, and plays a role in immune function by storing white blood cells that fight infection.
B. The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland involved in regulating metabolism through the production of thyroid hormones, but it is not part of the lymphatic system.
C. The adrenal glands are also endocrine glands responsible for producing hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. They are not part of the lymphatic system.
D. The pancreas is an organ involved in digestion and blood sugar regulation through insulin production. It does not function within the lymphatic system.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid produced in the stomach to aid in digestion, not a byproduct of glucose breakdown.
B. Ketotic acid is produced in conditions where fat metabolism predominates, especially during ketosis, not during anaerobic glucose breakdown.
C. Carbonic acid forms when carbon dioxide dissolves in water and is not related to glucose metabolism.
D. Lactic acid is produced during anaerobic respiration when glucose is broken down without sufficient oxygen. This occurs in muscles during intense exercise, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid, which causes the sensation of muscle fatigue. This is the correct answer.
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