Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?

Liver

Lungs

Heart

Kidney

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: This is correct. The liver is the main organ responsible for drug metabolism. The enzymes that the body uses to metabolize drugs are present throughout the body but are most abundant in the liver. The liver can transform drugs into more polar and water-soluble compounds, which can then be excreted by the kidneys or the biliary system.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. The lungs are not primarily responsible for drug metabolism, although they can play a minor role in some cases. The lungs can metabolize some drugs that are inhaled, such as anesthetics, or drugs that circulate through the pulmonary blood vessels, such as propranolol. However, the lungs have a lower capacity and a lower variety of enzymes than the liver.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. The heart is not responsible for drug metabolism, although it can be affected by it. The heart is the organ that pumps blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and organs. The heart can be influenced by the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, which are the processes of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, and the effects of drugs on the body, respectively.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. The kidney is not primarily responsible for drug metabolism, although it is important for drug excretion. The kidney is the organ that filters the blood and removes waste products and excess fluid as urine. The kidney can excrete drugs that are water-soluble or that are not reabsorbed by the tubules. The kidney can also metabolize some drugs, such as aspirin, but to a lesser extent than the liver.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Lisinopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that lowers blood pressure and reduces the workload of the heart. It does not have a diuretic effect, meaning it does not increase urination.
Choice B reason: This is correct. Lisinopril can cause orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure when changing positions. This can lead to dizziness, fainting, or falls. To prevent this, the nurse should instruct the client to rise slowly from sitting or lying positions and to avoid sudden movements.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Lisinopril can be taken with or without food. Taking it on an empty stomach does not improve its effectiveness or reduce its side effects.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Lisinopril does not cause weight gain due to fluid retention. In fact, it can help reduce edema, which is swelling caused by excess fluid in the body.

A. Constipation B. Flatulence C. Headache D. Palpitations

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is correct. Constipation is a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide, as it reduces the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. The nurse should advise the client to report this symptom and to increase their fluid and fiber intake to prevent it.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Flatulence is not a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide. It may be caused by other factors, such as diet, swallowing air, or bacterial overgrowth in the intestines.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Headache is not a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide. It may be caused by other factors, such as stress, dehydration, or caffeine withdrawal.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Palpitations are not a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide. They may be caused by other factors, such as anxiety, heart problems, or medication interactions.

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Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following instructions should a nurse give to a client who is starting lisinopril?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aluminum hydroxide to treat heartburn. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following adverse reactions?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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