Which pathophysiologic events contribute to renal failure associated with tumor lysis syndrome?

Metabolic acidosis.

Elevated white blood cell count.

Crystallization of uric acid in the renal tubules.

Hypocalcemia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Metabolic acidosis can occur in renal failure but is not directly linked to tumor lysis syndrome.
Choice B rationale
Elevated white blood cell count is not a primary contributor to renal failure in tumor lysis syndrome.
Choice C rationale
Crystallization of uric acid in the renal tubules can obstruct urine flow and cause acute renal failure, which is a direct pathophysiologic event in tumor lysis syndrome.
Choice D rationale
Hypocalcemia is a consequence of tumor lysis syndrome but does not directly cause renal failure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Rapid restoration of serum sodium levels can lead to central pontine myelinolysis, a severe neurological condition. Thus, management should be gradual.
Choice B rationale
SIADH occurs due to excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland, not the anterior, leading to water retention and hyponatremia.
Choice C rationale
SIADH is characterized by concentrated urine due to water retention and overhydration, not diluted urine output and dehydration.
Choice D rationale
Serum sodium levels typically decrease in SIADH due to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia.

A. A raised rash across the nose and face. B. Hypothermia. C. Weight gain. D. Muscle hyperreflexia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A raised rash across the nose and face, known as a butterfly rash, is a classic and distinctive manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), often exacerbated by sunlight exposure.
Choice B rationale
Hypothermia is not a common manifestation of SLE; patients more frequently experience fevers due to inflammation and immune system dysregulation.
Choice C rationale
Weight gain is not a typical direct manifestation of SLE; patients might experience weight changes due to medications or complications but not as a primary symptom.
Choice D rationale
Muscle hyperreflexia is not associated with SLE; neurological symptoms in SLE might include seizures or cognitive dysfunction, but not hyperreflexia.

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Which pathophysiologic events contribute to renal failure associated with tumor lysis syndrome?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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