Which statement made by a parent indicates the need for further teaching about strategies to control itching for the infant with eczema?
"Wool is the best fabric for the infant's clothing.”.
"I should avoid laundry detergents with fragrances.”.
"I put cotton gloves on the infant's hands.”.
"The infant's fingernails are kept short.”.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Wool fibers have a rough, coarse texture that can mechanically irritate the delicate skin of an infant with eczema. This physical abrasion can trigger an inflammatory response and exacerbate the itching and rash associated with the condition. The goal is to use smooth, breathable fabrics like cotton to minimize skin friction.
Choice B rationale
Fragrances and dyes in laundry detergents are common chemical irritants and allergens that can cause contact dermatitis and worsen eczema symptoms. Avoiding these additives is crucial for minimizing exposure to potential triggers and reducing inflammation and itching in sensitive skin.
Choice C rationale
Putting cotton gloves or socks on an infant's hands is a practical strategy to prevent the infant from scratching their skin. The mechanical trauma from scratching can break the skin barrier, leading to secondary infections and worsening the eczema flare-up.
Choice D rationale
Keeping fingernails short is a fundamental measure to prevent the skin damage caused by scratching. Long, sharp nails can tear the skin, creating entry points for bacteria and increasing the risk of infection, a common complication of poorly controlled eczema.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Peripheral arterial disease causes reduced blood flow to the extremities, making them highly susceptible to thermal injury. A heating pad can cause a severe burn because the compromised circulation prevents adequate heat dissipation, and the impaired sensation often associated with PAD means the client may not feel the excessive heat.
Choice B rationale
Crossing legs compresses the popliteal artery and other vessels, further impeding already compromised arterial blood flow to the lower extremities. This action increases resistance and reduces tissue perfusion, exacerbating the ischemic symptoms and potentially worsening the disease progression.
Choice C rationale
Wearing warm, heavy socks is a safe and effective way to promote warmth and vasodilation in the feet without the risk of burns. By maintaining warmth, it helps to prevent vasospasm and promotes better collateral blood flow to the affected extremities, improving comfort and circulation.
Choice D rationale
Smoking causes intense vasoconstriction through nicotine's effects on the sympathetic nervous system and damages the endothelial lining of blood vessels, accelerating the atherosclerotic process. Quitting smoking is the single most effective intervention to slow the progression of PAD and reduce cardiovascular risk.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Tazarotene, a retinoid, increases photosensitivity by thinning the stratum corneum, the skin's outermost layer. This reduces the protective barrier against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, making the skin more susceptible to sunburn and UV-induced DNA damage. Patients must be educated to use sun protection, but it is not the most critical question.
Choice B rationale
While a history of skin cancer can influence dermatological treatment plans, it is not the primary contraindication for tazarotene. Tazarotene is an analog of vitamin A, and its mechanism involves regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, which is not directly related to a personal or family history of skin cancer.
Choice C rationale
Tazarotene is a potent teratogen, meaning it can cause severe congenital malformations if taken during pregnancy. This teratogenic risk necessitates that all female patients of child-bearing potential use reliable contraception to prevent pregnancy. A pregnancy test is also required before initiation of therapy.
Choice D rationale
While some medications interact with alcohol, tazarotene is a topical retinoid primarily metabolized in the liver to its active form, tazarotenic acid. There is no significant systemic absorption or direct interaction with alcohol consumption that would cause a major adverse effect, making it a less critical question than contraception.
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