Which test for HIV is used primarily as a confirmatory test rather than a generalized screening test?

Enzyme immunoassay.

Western Blot.

White blood cell differential.

CD4+ cell count.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Enzyme immunoassay. The enzyme immunoassay (EIA), also known as the ELISA test, is used as a primary screening test for HIV. If the EIA test is positive, a confirmatory test, such as the Western Blot, is performed to ensure accuracy.

B. Western Blot. The Western Blot is a confirmatory test for HIV used to verify positive results from an initial screening test. It detects specific HIV antibodies and is highly specific, reducing the likelihood of false positives.

C. White blood cell differential. A white blood cell (WBC) differential assesses the overall immune response but does not diagnose HIV. While some HIV patients may show low WBC counts, this test is not specific for HIV infection.

D. CD4+ cell count. CD4+ cell count is used to monitor disease progression and immune function in HIV-positive patients, but it is not a confirmatory test for diagnosing HIV. A low CD4+ count suggests HIV progression toward AIDS rather than initial diagnosis.

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Correct Answer is []

Explanation

Potential Condition:
Diabetic neuropathy – The client has a history of type 1 diabetes, and her elevated Hemoglobin A1C (8.2%) suggests poor blood glucose control, which increases the risk of diabetic neuropathy.

Actions to Take:
Perform a sensory test on both feet – Diabetic neuropathy can cause loss of sensation in the feet. A sensory test helps assess nerve function and detect early signs of neuropathy.
Instruct the client to change to clean, dry socks – Proper foot care is crucial for preventing infections and complications in clients with diabetes. Keeping feet dry reduces the risk of skin breakdown and infections.

Parameters to Monitor:
Pedal pulses – Poor circulation is a common complication of diabetes and neuropathy. Monitoring pedal pulses helps assess blood flow to the feet.
Blood glucose – Tight glucose control is essential for preventing the progression of diabetic neuropathy. Monitoring blood glucose levels helps guide management and treatment adjustments.

A. Scrambled eggs with roasted peppers and onions, lean ham, and toast. B. Pancakes with blueberries and maple syrup, and a turkey sausage patty. C. Oatmeal with raisins and nuts, with skim milk and 1/2 grapefruit. D. Poached egg, bacon, biscuit and canned peaches in light syrup.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Scrambled eggs with roasted peppers and onions, lean ham, and toast. While peppers and onions provide antioxidants, the presence of processed meat (ham) increases the risk of some cancers, particularly colorectal cancer, due to nitrates and preservatives.
B. Pancakes with blueberries and maple syrup, and a turkey sausage patty. Blueberries are rich in antioxidants, which can help reduce cancer risk, but pancakes with syrup are high in refined carbohydrates and added sugars, which may contribute to inflammation and increased cancer risk.
C. Oatmeal with raisins and nuts, with skim milk and 1/2 grapefruit. Oatmeal contains fiber, which helps reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Raisins and nuts provide antioxidants, while grapefruit is high in vitamin C, which supports immune function and may help protect against some cancers. This is the best balanced meal with cancer-protective nutrients.
D. Poached egg, bacon, biscuit, and canned peaches in light syrup. Bacon is a processed meat linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Biscuits are refined carbohydrates, and canned peaches in syrup contain added sugars, which can contribute to inflammation and chronic disease risk.

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Which test for HIV is used primarily as a confirmatory test rather than a generalized screening test?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exhibits Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and to parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

Correct Answer is []

Explanation

The nurse is conducting a nutritional class on foods that have been linked to help decrease the development of some forms of cancer. Which meal selection is the best choice to help reduce the risk of some cancers?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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