The nurse is developing a workshop on cancer prevention for a group of adults at a wellness fair. Which recommendation should the nurse include in the workshop?

Obtain at least 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night.

Refrain from alcohol.

Maintain a healthy weight and exercise regularly.

Know the four warning signs of cancer.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Obtain at least 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night. Adequate sleep is important for overall health, but it is not a primary recommendation for cancer prevention. There is some evidence linking sleep disturbances to cancer risk, but maintaining a healthy weight and exercising have stronger associations with cancer prevention.
B. Refrain from alcohol. Limiting alcohol intake is recommended, but complete abstinence is not necessary for everyone. Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers (e.g., breast, liver, esophageal), but maintaining a healthy weight and exercising have broader, more significant cancer prevention benefits.
C. Maintain a healthy weight and exercise regularly. Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are major risk factors for multiple types of cancer, including breast, colon, and endometrial cancer. Regular physical activity reduces inflammation, improves immune function, and regulates hormones, all of which lower cancer risk.
D. Know the four warning signs of cancer. While recognizing cancer warning signs is important for early detection, prevention strategies are more effective in reducing overall cancer risk. There is no universally agreed-upon list of "four" warning signs, as different cancers present with different symptoms.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Remove the ink marks of the portal after each radiation treatment. Ink marks should not be removed, as they help ensure precise radiation targeting during each session. The marks should remain visible until the treatment plan is complete.
B. Apply moisture lotions daily to the radiation portal site. Many lotions and creams contain ingredients that can irritate the skin or interfere with radiation therapy. Only approved, non-irritating, fragrance-free moisturizers should be used, and typically only after consulting the oncology provider.
C. Protect the skin of the radiation portal site from sunlight exposure. Radiation therapy increases skin sensitivity, making it more vulnerable to sunburn and damage. Clients should cover the treated area with loose clothing or use sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) if sun exposure is unavoidable.
D. Avoid washing the skin inside the radiation portal site. Gentle washing with mild soap and lukewarm water is recommended to keep the area clean and reduce irritation. Harsh scrubbing, hot water, and scented soaps should be avoided.

A. Activation of exocytosis. B. Vasoconstriction. C. Decreased histamine production. D. Increased vascular permeability.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Activation of exocytosis. Exocytosis is a cellular process used for releasing substances such as neurotransmitters or hormones, but it is not the primary response to inflammation. The immune response involves chemical mediators like histamine, prostaglandins, and cytokines, which increase vascular permeability.
B. Vasoconstriction. Vasodilation, not vasoconstriction, is a hallmark of inflammation. Initially, there may be a brief period of vasoconstriction, but the primary response is vasodilation, which increases blood flow to the inflamed area.
C. Decreased histamine production. Histamine production increases during inflammation, leading to vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. This allows immune cells to travel to the site of injury or infection.
D. Increased vascular permeability. The inflammatory response involves increased vascular permeability, allowing immune cells, proteins, and fluid to move from the bloodstream into tissues to fight infection and promote healing. This process leads to swelling (edema), redness, and warmth, which are classic signs of inflammation.

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The nurse is developing a workshop on cancer prevention for a group of adults at a wellness fair. Which recommendation should the nurse include in the workshop?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving teletherapy radiation for a malignant tumor. Which instructions regarding skin care of the portal site should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse should recognize which response is the immune system's reaction to a source of inflammation?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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