Which type of diabetes is frequently associated with obesity and aging and may or may not require insulin therapy?

Gestational diabetes mellitus.

Immune-mediated diabetes mellitus.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale: Gestational diabetes mellitus is a condition characterized by hyperglycemia first recognized during pregnancy. It is caused by hormonal changes that lead to insulin resistance. This type of diabetes typically resolves after childbirth, although it increases a woman's risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life. It is not necessarily associated with aging.
Choice B rationale: Immune-mediated diabetes mellitus is another name for type 1 diabetes, where the body's immune system destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This leads to an absolute insulin deficiency. It can occur at any age, but is most commonly diagnosed in children and young adults, and is not associated with obesity.
Choice C rationale: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease resulting from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, causing an absolute insulin deficiency. It is not typically associated with obesity or aging, and patients with this condition always require insulin therapy for survival to regulate their blood glucose levels.
Choice D rationale: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. It is strongly associated with lifestyle factors like obesity and physical inactivity, and its prevalence increases with age. While many patients manage it with diet and oral medications, some may eventually require insulin therapy as the disease progresses.

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Correct Answer is ["31"]

Explanation

Step 1:

To find the total units, add the units of Humulin NPH and Humulin R. Step 2: units + 11 units = 31 units.

The nurse will administer 31 units.

A. You can stop the medication if your symptoms have improved. B. You need to stay on the medication for at least 1 year before a decision about stopping it can be made. C. You need to stay on this medication until you become pregnant. D. Medication therapy for hypothyroidism is usually lifelong, and you should not stop taking the medication.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Hypothyroidism is a chronic condition where the thyroid gland does not produce sufficient thyroid hormones. Symptoms improve because levothyroxine replaces the missing hormones, not because the underlying thyroid dysfunction has resolved. Stopping the medication will lead to a return of symptoms as the synthetic hormone is no longer present to regulate metabolism.
Choice B rationale: The duration of levothyroxine therapy is not determined by a specific time frame like one year. The need for the medication is based on the chronic nature of the disease itself. Stopping the medication prematurely will result in the return of hypothyroid symptoms. It is a chronic condition that requires consistent management.
Choice C rationale: Thyroid hormone levels are critical for fetal development, and a woman with hypothyroidism must continue her medication throughout pregnancy. In fact, the dose may need to be increased. Stopping the medication before pregnancy is medically inappropriate and dangerous for both the woman and a potential fetus, as it would cause a relapse of her hypothyroid state.
Choice D rationale: Hypothyroidism is a lifelong condition for most patients because the thyroid gland's ability to produce hormones is permanently impaired. Levothyroxine provides exogenous hormone replacement, and without it, the patient's body will return to a hypothyroid state. Therefore, continuous therapy is essential for maintaining normal metabolic function and preventing the recurrence of symptoms.

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Which type of diabetes is frequently associated with obesity and aging and may or may not require insulin therapy?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The physician orders Humulin NPH insulin 20 units plus Humulin R insulin 11 units subcutaneous every evening. The medication is supplied in 100 units/mL. How many units will the nurse administer?

Correct Answer is ["31"]

Explanation

A 19-year-old woman has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism and has started thyroid replacement therapy with levothyroxine (Synthroid). After 6 months, she calls the nurse to say that she feels better and wants to stop the medication. Which response by the nurse is correct?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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