Which type of fracture occurs when the bone breaks straight across its long axis?

Cancer is a risk factor for pathological fractures because cancer cells can weaken bones and cause fractures, even with minimal trauma.

a. Hypertension: Hypertension is a condition characterized by high blood pressure and is not directly associated with an increased risk of fractures.
b. Diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects blood sugar levels and does not directly increase the risk of fractures.
d. Asthma: Asthma is a respiratory condition that affects the airways and lungs and is not linked to an increased risk of fractures.

For a stable closed fracture, cast immobilization is a common treatment option. A cast helps support and protect the fractured bone, allowing it to heal properly.

a. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF): ORIF is a surgical procedure used for complex or unstable fractures that cannot be treated with a cast alone.
b. Traction: Traction is applied to realign and stabilize fractures, but it is not typically the first-line treatment for stable closed fractures.
d. External fixation: External fixation involves using pins and an external frame to stabilize fractures, and it is typically used for complex or open fractures.